oganesson (Og), a transuranium element that occupies position 118 in the periodic table and is one of the noble gases. Oganesson is a synthetic element, and in 1999 scientists at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in Berkeley, California, announced the production of atoms of oganesson as a result of the bombardment of lead-208 with atoms of krypton-86. However, in 2002 this result was retracted after it was discovered that some of the data had been falsified. In 2006 scientists at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research at Dubna, Russia, announced that oganesson had been made in 2002 and 2005 in a cyclotron by the nuclear reaction of calcium-48 at an energy of 245 million electron volts (MeV) with a californium-249 target, with three neutrons and one atom of oganesson as the reaction products. Nearly a millisecond after creation, the oganesson nucleus decays into another transuranium element, livermorium, by emitting an alpha particle (helium nucleus). No physical or chemical properties of oganesson can be directly determined, since only a few atoms of oganesson have been produced, but it is likely that oganesson is a gas at room temperature. The chemistry of oganesson, like radon, is expected to reflect its anticipated metalloid properties. In January 2016 the discovery of element 118 was recognized by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) and the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP). The discoverers named it oganesson after Russian physicist Yuri Oganessian, who led the group at Dubna that discovered it and several other of the heaviest transuranium elements. The name oganesson was approved by IUPAC in November 2016.