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helium-3
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phase diagrams of helium-3 and helium-4 phase diagram of helium-3
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helium-3

chemical isotope

Learn about this topic in these articles:

Assorted References

  • mass spectrometry
    • Figure 1: An electron bombardment ion source in cross section. An electron beam is drawn from the filament and accelerated across the region in which the ions are formed and toward the electron trap. An electric field produced by the repeller forces the ion beam from the source through the exit slit.
      In mass spectrometry: Development

      …a cyclotron to demonstrate that helium-3 (3He) was stable rather than hydrogen-3 (3H), an important question in nuclear physics at the time. They also showed that helium-3 was a constituent of natural helium. Their method was the same as that described above for the omegatron except that a full-sized cyclotron…

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  • presence on the Moon
    • Chang'e 1
      In Chang’e

      Helium-3 is a trace element in the solar wind, and the lunar surface has absorbed larger quantities of helium-3 than have been found on Earth. If mining on the Moon ever becomes practical, helium-3 would be a valuable fuel for nuclear fusion power. Other instruments…

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  • properties
    • helium
      In helium: Abundance and isotopes

      The trace of the isotope helium-3 on Earth is attributable to the negative beta decay of the rare hydrogen-3 isotope (tritium). Helium-4 is by far the most plentiful of the stable isotopes: helium-4 atoms outnumber those of helium-3 about 700,000:1 in atmospheric helium and about 7,000,000:1 in certain helium-bearing minerals.

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  • slow neutrons

superfluid research

  • In superfluidity: Discovery

    …stable isotopes of helium are helium-3 (or 3He), with two protons and one neutron, and helium-4 (or 4He), with two protons and two neutrons. 4He forms the bulk of naturally occurring helium, but the lighter isotope 3He has been formed, since about 1950, in experimentally useful quantities by the decay…

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  • Lee
    • In David Lee

      They discovered superfluidity in helium-3 by accident in 1972. They had cooled that compound to within a few thousandths of a degree above absolute zero (−273 °C) when Osheroff, a graduate student working with them, noticed odd changes in the sample’s internal pressure. The team eventually determined that these…

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  • Leggett
    • Anthony J. Leggett
      In Anthony J. Leggett

      …the much rarer helium isotope helium-3, which was also found to be a superfluid. Leggett filled the gap in theoretical research by showing that electrons in helium-3 form pairs in a situation similar to, but much more complicated than, the electron pairs that form in superconducting metals. His work in…

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  • Osheroff
  • Richardson