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high-density polyethylene
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high-density polyethylene
high-density polyethylene The linear form of polyethylene, known as high-density polyethylene (HDPE).

high-density polyethylene

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Also known as: HDPE
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high-density polyethylene (HDPE), linear version of polyethylene, a light versatile synthetic resin made from the polymerization of ethylene.

HDPE is manufactured at low temperatures and pressures, using Ziegler-Natta and metallocene catalysts or activated chromium oxide (known as a Phillips catalyst). The lack of branches in its structure allows the polymer chains to pack closely together, resulting in a dense, highly crystalline material of high strength and moderate stiffness. With a melting point more than 20 °C (36 °F) higher than low-density polyethylene, it can withstand repeated exposure to 120 °C (250 °F) so that it can be sterilized. Products include blow-molded bottles for milk and household cleaners; blow-extruded grocery bags, construction film, and agricultural mulch; and injection-molded pails, caps, appliance housings, and toys. The plastic recycling code number of HDPE is 2.

The Editors of Encyclopaedia BritannicaThis article was most recently revised and updated by Amy Tikkanen.