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lisp

speech disorder

Learn about this topic in these articles:

major reference

  • functional areas of the human brain
    In speech disorder: Lisping

    Although lisping belongs among the articulatory disorders and usually has the same causes as articulatory disorders (dyslalia) in general, it differs from other disorders of articulation in several respects. For one, lisping occurs in various varieties: with the tongue tip protruding between the front…

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aphasia
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aphasia

pathology
Also known as: dysphasia
Written by
Robert Joynt
Professor of Neurology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, University of Rochester, New York.
Robert Joynt
Fact-checked by
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The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Last Updated: • Article History
Also called:
dysphasia
Key People:
Henri Bergson
Paul Broca
Carl Wernicke

aphasia, defect in the expression and comprehension of language caused by damage to the temporal and the frontal lobes of the brain. Aphasia can be caused by a head injury, a tumour, a stroke, or an infection. Symptoms vary with the location and extent of the brain tissues involved.

Damage to the frontal lobe may result in Broca aphasia. Individuals with this form of aphasia are able to comprehend speech but have great difficulty expressing their thoughts. People with Broca aphasia speak in short phrases that include only nouns and verbs (telegraphic speech). Individuals with Wernicke aphasia, which may result from damage to the temporal lobe, speak in long, garbled sentences (word salad) and have poor speech comprehension. Global aphasia may result from extensive brain damage. Individuals with global aphasia exhibit symptoms of both Broca and Wernicke aphasia.

Speech therapy may be useful to treat aphasia. In some instances, improvement may be due to assumption of some language functions by other areas of the brain; recovery is usually incomplete, however.

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