Taman languages, group of languages that form part of the Eastern Sudanic branch of the Nilo-Saharan language family. Tama and Sungor (or Erenga) are spoken on either side of the border between Chad and Sudan, and Mararit is spoken in

Indonesia: Cultural institutions: The Beautiful Indonesia in Miniature Park (Taman Mini Indonesia Indah; “Taman Mini”), in Jakarta, is a “living museum” that highlights the current diversity of Indonesia’s peoples and lifestyles. The park contains furnished and decorated replicas of houses of various ethnic groups in Indonesia; each of these…

Taman Negara National Park, large natural area in east-central Peninsular (West) Malaysia. The park, situated about 125 miles (200 km) northeast of Kuala Lumpur, occupies 1,677 square miles (4,343 square km). A portion of the area now constituting the park was established in 1925 as a game reserve,

Ki Hadjar Dewantoro: …was the founder of the Taman Siswa (literally “Garden of Students”) school system, an influential and widespread network of schools that encouraged modernization but also promoted indigenous Indonesian culture.

Trinidad and Tobago: Relief and drainage: …highest point of which is Mount Tamana (1,009 feet [308 metres]). A third row of mainly low hills, the Southern Range, adds further variety to the mostly flat or undulating surface of Trinidad.

anteater: The tamandua: Unlike the giant anteater, the lesser anteater, or tamandua (genus Tamandua), is arboreal as well as terrestrial. The two tamandua species are similar in size—about 1.2 metres (4 feet) long, including the almost-hairless prehensile tail, which is used for climbing. They are often tan…

Tamāng, people of Nepal living in the mountains northwest, north, and east of the Kāthmāndu Valley. Their numbers were estimated to be about 690,000 in the late 20th century. The Tamāng speak a language of the Tibeto-Burman family. They are Buddhist in religion. Most of them draw their living from

Tamanrasset, town, southern Algeria. Located in the mountainous Ahaggar (Hoggar) region on the Wadi Tamanghasset, the town originated as a military outpost, guarding trans-Saharan trade routes. It has become an important way station on the north-south asphalt road called the Trans-Sahara Highway

Tamano, city, Okayama ken (prefecture), Honshu, Japan, on a channel of the Inland Sea, opposite Takamatsu, on Shikoku. The city is composed of the former towns of Tama, Hibi, and the port of Uno. Tamano was a small fishing village during the Tokugawa period (1603–1867). The opening of Uno port and

Tamanrasset, town, southern Algeria. Located in the mountainous Ahaggar (Hoggar) region on the Wadi Tamanghasset, the town originated as a military outpost, guarding trans-Saharan trade routes. It has become an important way station on the north-south asphalt road called the Trans-Sahara Highway

Tamaqua, borough (town), Schuylkill county, east-central Pennsylvania, U.S., on the Little Schuylkill River. The area was settled in 1799, and its name derives from the Iroquois Indian word for “land of the beaver.” After the opening of the horse-drawn Little Schuylkill Railroad in 1831, the town

flag of Georgia: Queen Tamara, or Tamar (1184–1213), the most famous ruler in Georgian history, according to tradition used a white flag with a dark red cross and a star. All these flags were suppressed in 1801 when Georgia was annexed by Russia.

Caradon: Calstock and Gunnislake in the Tamar valley are linked with Plymouth by a branch railway and have become residential areas. The lower Tamar valley is an area of intensive cultivation whose mild local climate is relatively free of frosts. Strawberries and other soft fruits are grown there, and flowers, grown…

River Tamar, tidal estuary in northern Tasmania, Australia, formed by the confluence of the North and South Esk rivers. It extends 40 miles (65 km) northwest to enter Bass Strait at Port Dalrymple, the mouth of the estuary. The latter was named in 1798 by the explorers George Bass and Matthew

River Tamar, river in southwestern England, rising within 4 miles (6 km) of the Bristol Channel and flowing south to the English Channel by Plymouth Sound. For most of its length of 61 miles (98 km), it forms the historic boundary between the counties of Devon and Cornwall. Its estuary, like those

Los Islands: …port of Conakry and include Tamara (Factory), Kassa, Roume (Crawford), Blanche (White), and De Corail (Coral) and several smaller islets. Tamara, the largest (8 miles [13 km] long and 1–2 miles [1.6–3 km] wide), has the highest point of elevation (499 feet [152 m]). Only Tamara and Kassa have sizable…

flag of Georgia: Queen Tamara, or Tamar (1184–1213), the most famous ruler in Georgian history, according to tradition used a white flag with a dark red cross and a star. All these flags were suppressed in 1801 when Georgia was annexed by Russia.

Although their accomplishments may forever be coloured by the context of the times in which they competed, the U.S.S.R.’s Press sisters—Tamara and Irina—dominated their Olympic events, combining for five gold medals and one silver. The 1964 Olympic Games in Tokyo marked the height of their success.

Stephen Frears: His later directorial efforts included Tamara Drewe (2010), a comedy loosely inspired by Thomas Hardy’s novel Far from the Madding Crowd, and Lay the Favorite (2012), a comedy-drama set in Las Vegas. Philomena (2013) was based on the true story of a woman searching for a child she gave up…

larch: …North American larch is called tamarack, hackmatack, or eastern larch (L. laricina). The bracts on its small cones are hidden by the scales. Eastern larch trees mature in 100 to 200 years. This species may grow 12 to 20 metres (about 40 to 65 feet) tall and have gray to…

tamarau, (species Anoa mindorensis), small species of buffalo

tamarau, (species Anoa mindorensis), small species of buffalo

desert: Origin: …such as the chenopod and tamarisk families, first appeared in the Miocene (23 to 5.3 million years ago), evolving in the salty, drying environment of the disappearing Tethys Sea along what is now the Mediterranean–Central Asian axis.

tamarin, any marmoset species belonging to the genus Saguinus or

tamarind, (Tamarindus indica), evergreen tree of the pea family (Fabaceae), native to tropical Africa. It is widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions for its edible fruit, the sweet and sour pulp of which is extensively used in foods, beverages, and traditional medicines. The plant is

Blake Edwards: Films of the 1970s: They worked together again on The Tamarind Seed (1974), an espionage tale that also starred Omar Sharif. Edwards’s fortunes changed dramatically when United Artists decided to revive the Pink Panther series. Working with Sellers again, Edwards in rapid order banged out the commercially successful, if unremarkable, Return of the Pink…

savanna: Population and community development and structure: >Tamarindus grow on rocky knolls lacking grass. Those rocky “islands,” protected from fire and cattle, are surrounded by expanses of grazed and frequently burned savanna. Where plots of African savanna vegetation are protected from being burned, they tend to revert quickly to deciduous forest.

tamarind, (Tamarindus indica), evergreen tree of the pea family (Fabaceae), native to tropical Africa. It is widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions for its edible fruit, the sweet and sour pulp of which is extensively used in foods, beverages, and traditional medicines. The plant is

tamarisk, (genus Tamarix), any of 54 species of shrubs and low trees (family Tamaricaceae) that, with false tamarisks (Myricaria, 10 species), grow in salt deserts, by seashores, in mountainous areas, and in other semiarid localities from the Mediterranean region to central Asia and northern China.

desert: Origin: …such as the chenopod and tamarisk families, first appeared in the Miocene (23 to 5.3 million years ago), evolving in the salty, drying environment of the disappearing Tethys Sea along what is now the Mediterranean–Central Asian axis.

homopteran: Importance: …produce food for man, the tamarisk manna scale, Trabutina mannipara, is thought to have produced the biblical manna for the children of Israel. The females produce large quantities of honeydew that solidify in thick layers on plant leaves in arid regions. This sugarlike material, still collected by natives of Arabia…

tamarisk, (genus Tamarix), any of 54 species of shrubs and low trees (family Tamaricaceae) that, with false tamarisks (Myricaria, 10 species), grow in salt deserts, by seashores, in mountainous areas, and in other semiarid localities from the Mediterranean region to central Asia and northern China.

tamarisk: The Athel tree (T. aphylla), which sometimes grows to about 18 metres (60 feet), has jointed twigs and minute ensheathing leaves and is used as a windbreak in desert areas. T. ramosissima (or T. pentandra) and T. chinensis, with denser flower clusters, are frequently cultivated as…

desert: Origin: …such as the chenopod and tamarisk families, first appeared in the Miocene (23 to 5.3 million years ago), evolving in the salty, drying environment of the disappearing Tethys Sea along what is now the Mediterranean–Central Asian axis.

tamarisk: The salt cedar, or French tamarisk (T. gallica), is planted on seacoasts for shelter; it is cultivated in the United States from South Carolina to California. The Athel tree (T. aphylla), which sometimes grows to about 18 metres (60 feet), has jointed twigs and minute ensheathing…

Italian literature: Women writers: Best-selling and widely translated author Susanna Tamaro achieved overnight commercial success with the sentimental Va’ dove ti porta il cuore (1994; Follow Your Heart), which she adapted for a film of the same name directed by Cristina Comencini.

Illinois: Michigamea, Peoria, and Tamaroa.

Chile: The intermediate depression: …nitrate deposits found in the Tamarugal Plain and Carmen Salt Flat, where the once-bustling mining towns of María Elena, Pedro de Valdivia, and Baquedano are located. In north-central Chile, extending southward out of the desert region, the depression is interrupted by east–west mountain spurs that create fertile transverse valleys. The…

Chile: The intermediate depression: …nitrate deposits found in the Tamarugal Plain and Carmen Salt Flat, where the once-bustling mining towns of María Elena, Pedro de Valdivia, and Baquedano are located. In north-central Chile, extending southward out of the desert region, the depression is interrupted by east–west mountain spurs that create fertile transverse valleys. The…

Samkhya: The first is tamas (“darkness”), which is obscurity, ignorance, and inertia; the second is rajas (“passion”), which is energy, emotion, and expansiveness; and the highest is sattva (“goodness”), which is illumination, enlightening knowledge, and lightness. To these correspond personality types: to tamas, that of the ignorant and lazy…

Bhisham Sahni: …and realistic work Tamas (1974; Darkness), depicting the aftermath of the 1947 partition of India. In 1986 filmmaker Govind Nihalani adapted the work into a made-for-television miniseries, casting the author in the role of the Sikh character Karmo.

tamāshā, erotic form of Indian folk drama begun in the early 18th century in Mahārāshtra. In all other forms of Indian folk theatre, men are cast in the major roles. The leading female role in tamāshā, however, is played by a woman. Tamāshā plays, which are known to be bawdy, originated as

Berber languages: Kabyle, Tamazight, and Tamahaq. The family may also include extinct languages such as the Guanche languages of the Canary Islands, Old Libyan (Numidian), and Old Mauretanian, which are known from inscriptions but have not yet been studied thoroughly enough to make any affirmative generalizations about their linguistic characteristics.…

tamaya: …mirror or a tablet (tamashiro) listing the names of the deceased family members.

Toamasina, town, eastern Madagascar. The town lies along the Indian Ocean. It was rebuilt after destruction by hurricane in 1927, with the modern sector centring on the tree-lined avenue Poincaré. Toamasina is Madagascar’s commercial hub and foremost port, handling much of the island’s foreign

Tamaulipas, estado (state), northeastern Mexico. It is bounded by the United States (Texas) to the north, the Gulf of Mexico to the east, and the states of Veracruz to the south, San Luis Potosí to the southwest and west, and Nuevo León to the west. Ciudad Victoria is the state capital. The central

Ciudad Victoria: …also the site of the Autonomous University of Tamaulipas (1956). Ciudad Victoria is a regional transportation hub, accessible by railroad, air, and several major highways. Pop. (2010) 305,155; (2020) 332,100.

tamaya, in the Shintō religion of Japan, a memorial altar dedicated to the spirits of deceased ancestors. The tamaya is not found in all homes observing Shintō because Buddhist practices dominate Japanese funerary rites. But in priestly or strict Shintō households, the tamaya is placed on a lower

Arnaldo Tamayo Méndez is a Cuban pilot and cosmonaut. He was the first Latin American, the first person of African descent, and the first Cuban to fly in space. After the revolution of 1959, Tamayo Méndez joined the Cuban air force as a pilot. In 1961 he went to the Soviet Union for training on the

Manuel Tamayo y Baus was a Spanish dramatist who, with Adelardo López de Ayala y Herrera, dominated the Spanish stage in the mid-19th century. He was a key figure in the transition from Romanticism to Realism in Spanish literature. Tamayo y Baus was the son of a well-known actor and actress. He

Rufino Tamayo was a Mexican painter who combined modern European painting styles with Mexican folk themes. Tamayo attended the School of Fine Arts in Mexico City from 1917 to 1921, but he was dissatisfied with the traditional art program and thereafter studied independently. He became head of the

Rufino Tamayo was a Mexican painter who combined modern European painting styles with Mexican folk themes. Tamayo attended the School of Fine Arts in Mexico City from 1917 to 1921, but he was dissatisfied with the traditional art program and thereafter studied independently. He became head of the

Algeria: Languages of Algeria: The Amazigh language (Tamazight)—in several geographic dialects—is spoken by Algeria’s ethnic Imazighen, though most are also bilingual in Arabic.

Algeria: Languages of Algeria: The Amazigh language (Tamazight)—in several geographic dialects—is spoken by Algeria’s ethnic Imazighen, though most are also bilingual in Arabic.

pottery: Kamakura and Muromachi periods (1192–1573): …period to the 20th century; Tamba (Kyōto prefecture); Shigaraki (Shiga prefecture); and Echizen (Fukui prefecture). The wares of Seto, especially those made for Buddhist ceremonies, were regarded as the finest pottery of this period.

history of medicine: Japan: In 982, Tamba Yasuyori completed the 30-volume Ishinhō, the oldest Japanese medical work still extant. This work discusses diseases and their treatment, classified mainly according to the affected organs or parts. It is based entirely on older Chinese medical works, with the concept of yin and yang…

Tambacounda, town, southeastern Senegal. It is situated about 250 miles (400 km) east-southeast of Dakar. The town is in a tall-grass and acacia savanna area known for its varied agricultural potential. Crops grown include millet, sorghum, cotton, corn (maize), peanuts (groundnuts), and rice.

Burkina Faso: Resources: …Faso’s substantial manganese deposits at Tambao in the northeast potentially represent its most important resource and one of the world’s richest sources of this mineral. Exploitation is limited by existing transport inadequacies.

Vegetarian Piranhas: One large characin, the tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum), has developed nasal flaps on the upper part of the snout to help it smell fruit. The tambaqui is an important food fish for peoples of the Amazon and can weigh up to 30 kg (66 pounds). It uses horselike molars and…

Enrico Tamberlik was an Italian tenor best known for his remarkable high notes. In 1841 Tamberlik made his official debut in Naples as Tybalt in Vincenzo Bellini’s I Capuleti e i Montecchi and continued his singing career in the city for the two years following. In 1850 he made his London debut as

Enrico Tamberlik was an Italian tenor best known for his remarkable high notes. In 1841 Tamberlik made his official debut in Naples as Tybalt in Vincenzo Bellini’s I Capuleti e i Montecchi and continued his singing career in the city for the two years following. In 1850 he made his London debut as

magic: Postmodern dialogue: …of Rationality (1990), in which Stanley Jeyaraja Tambiah deconstructs the European history of the progress model and the work of anthropologists from Tylor forward. Other anthropologists have questioned the model of the rise and decline of magic in European thought articulated in Keith Thomas’s groundbreaking Religion and the Decline of…

Gael García Bernal: …provocative También la lluvia (2010; Even the Rain), in which he portrayed a besieged movie director.

The Haunting: …young cynic, Luke Sanderson (Russ Tamblyn), whose father owns the house. Dr. Markway’s skeptical wife, Grace (Lois Maxwell), later joins the group, destroying Eleanor’s hope for a relationship with the doctor and pushing her to the edge of insanity. The paranormal activity that ensues affects the group differently, leading…

pre-Columbian civilizations: The southern coast: Tambo Viejo in Acarí was fortified, which supports inferences drawn with some difficulty from late Nazca art that a concern with warfare developed at that time.

minstrel show: …centre and the end men—Mr. Tambo, who played the tambourine, and Mr. Bones, who rattled the bones (a pair of clappers, named after the original material from which they were made)—at the ends. The interlocutor, in whiteface, usually wore formal attire; the others, in blackface, wore gaudy swallow-tailed coats…

Oliver Tambo was the president of the South African black-nationalist African National Congress (ANC) between 1967 and 1991. He spent more than 30 years in exile (1960–90). Tambo was born in a Transkei village of subsistence farmers. He attended Anglican and Methodist mission schools and the

Oliver Tambo was the president of the South African black-nationalist African National Congress (ANC) between 1967 and 1991. He spent more than 30 years in exile (1960–90). Tambo was born in a Transkei village of subsistence farmers. He attended Anglican and Methodist mission schools and the

Thailand: Local government: In 1997, communes (tambon), units consisting of several villages, were given increased powers and the authorization to elect members of tambon administrative organizations. With new administrative and financial authority, these bodies have become the most important local democratic units in Thailand. Headmen of villages (muban) are also elected,…

Puerto Maldonado, port city, southeastern Peru. It lies at the confluence of the Tambopata and Madre de Dios rivers, at 840 feet (256 m) above sea level in the hot, humid rain forest known as the selva (jungle). It was named for Dom Pedro Maldonado, an 18th-century Spanish explorer, but was not

Puerto Maldonado: …at the confluence of the Tambopata and Madre de Dios rivers, at 840 feet (256 m) above sea level in the hot, humid rain forest known as the selva (jungle). It was named for Dom Pedro Maldonado, an 18th-century Spanish explorer, but was not mentioned in official documents until 1902.…

Jeffrey Tambor is an American actor who is best known for his comedic work, notably in the television series The Larry Sanders Show (1992–98), Arrested Development (2003–06, 2013, 2018–19), and Transparent (2014–17). Tambor took up acting at age 12 and earned theater degrees at San Francisco State

Jeffrey Tambor is an American actor who is best known for his comedic work, notably in the television series The Larry Sanders Show (1992–98), Arrested Development (2003–06, 2013, 2018–19), and Transparent (2014–17). Tambor took up acting at age 12 and earned theater degrees at San Francisco State

Mount Tambora, volcanic mountain on the northern coast of Sumbawa island, Indonesia, that in April 1815 exploded in the largest volcanic eruption in recorded history. It is now 2,851 metres (9,354 feet) high, having lost much of its top in the 1815 eruption. The volcano remains active; smaller

Mount Tambora, volcanic mountain on the northern coast of Sumbawa island, Indonesia, that in April 1815 exploded in the largest volcanic eruption in recorded history. It is now 2,851 metres (9,354 feet) high, having lost much of its top in the 1815 eruption. The volcano remains active; smaller

tambour, embroidery worked on material that has been stretched taut on a tambour frame, which consists of two wooden hoops, one slightly larger than the other, fitting close together. The embroidery is worked with a needle or a tambour hook. When an expanse of material has to be covered that is too

tambura, long-necked fretless Indian lute. It has a hollow neck, measures about 40–60 inches (102–153 cm) in length, and usually has four metal strings tuned (relative pitch) c–c′–c′–g or c–c′–c′–f. Precision tuning is achieved by inserting bits of wool or silk between the strings and lower bridge

tambourine, small frame drum (one whose shell is too narrow to resonate the sound) having one or two skins nailed or glued to a shallow circular or polygonal frame. The tambourine is normally played with the bare hands and often has attached to it jingles, pellet bells, or snares. European

Tambov, oblast (region), western Russia. It is located on the low, level plain of the Oka and Don rivers. The natural vegetation is forest-steppe on rich soils, but much of it has been cleared for agriculture; large areas of pine forest survive only on sandy soils along the Tsna and Vorona rivers.

Tambov, city and administrative centre of Tambov oblast (region), western Russia. It lies along the upper Tsna River. Founded in 1636 as a fortress on the Belgorod defensive line, in 1779 it became the centre of a province. Growth came slowly, chiefly in the late 19th century after construction of

Tirunelveli: It lies along the Tambraparni River slightly upstream from the town of Palayankottai, with which it is now merged administratively. Its name is derived from the Tamil words tiru (“holy”), nel (“paddy”), and veli (“fence”), referring to a legend that the god Shiva protected a devotee’s rice crop there.…

ṭanbūr, long-necked fretted lute played under various names from the Balkans to northwestern Asia. Resembling the long lutes of ancient Egypt and Babylon as well as the ancient Greek pandoura, it has a deep pear-shaped body, some 1 to 4 dozen adjustable frets, and 2 to 10 metal strings that are

tambura, long-necked fretless Indian lute. It has a hollow neck, measures about 40–60 inches (102–153 cm) in length, and usually has four metal strings tuned (relative pitch) c–c′–c′–g or c–c′–c′–f. Precision tuning is achieved by inserting bits of wool or silk between the strings and lower bridge

tambura, long-necked fretless Indian lute. It has a hollow neck, measures about 40–60 inches (102–153 cm) in length, and usually has four metal strings tuned (relative pitch) c–c′–c′–g or c–c′–c′–f. Precision tuning is achieved by inserting bits of wool or silk between the strings and lower bridge

Antonio Tamburini was an Italian operatic baritone, particularly noted for his starring roles in the works of Gioacchino Rossini, Gaetano Donizetti, and Vincenzo Bellini. As a youth he studied the horn with his bandmaster father and voice with Aldobrando Rossi and Bonifazio Asioli, making his

Latin American architecture: Academic architecture, c. 1870–1914: In Buenos Aires, Francisco Tamburini remodeled the Casa Rosada in the late 1800s to become the offices of the president. This Beaux-Arts composition, with its central arch and side loggias, then became the standard for the institutions of government in the interior of Argentina: in Corrientes (a new…

Timur was a Turkic conqueror, chiefly remembered for the barbarity of his conquests from India and Russia to the Mediterranean Sea and for the cultural achievements of his dynasty. Timur was a member of the Turkicized Barlas tribe, a Mongol subgroup that had settled in Transoxania (now roughly

Tamburlaine the Great, first play by Christopher Marlowe, produced about 1587 and published in 1590. The play was written in two parts, each of which has five acts, and was based on the earlier Silva de varia lección (1540; The Foreste; or, Collection of Histories) by the early 16th-century Spanish

Tamburlaine the Great, first play by Christopher Marlowe, produced about 1587 and published in 1590. The play was written in two parts, each of which has five acts, and was based on the earlier Silva de varia lección (1540; The Foreste; or, Collection of Histories) by the early 16th-century Spanish

Ella Grasso was an American public official, the first woman elected to a U.S. state governorship in her own right. Grasso graduated from Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, Massachusetts, with honours in 1940 and took an M.A. in 1942. During World War II she served as assistant director of

Japanese literature: Late Tokugawa period (c. 1770–1867): …Colours: The Plum Calendar”), by Tamenaga Shunsui, is the story of Tanjirō, a peerlessly handsome but ineffectual young man for whose affections various women fight. The author at one point defended himself against charges of immorality: “Even though the women I portray may seem immoral, they are all imbued with…

Tamanrasset, town, southern Algeria. Located in the mountainous Ahaggar (Hoggar) region on the Wadi Tamanghasset, the town originated as a military outpost, guarding trans-Saharan trade routes. It has become an important way station on the north-south asphalt road called the Trans-Sahara Highway

Hannah Höch: …figures, such as that of Tamer (c. 1930), a photomontage of a large female mannequin head atop a muscular male body with arms folded across the chest. The mannequin’s head is peering downward at a sly-looking sea lion in a corner of the composition. Though the human figure is much…

Tamerlane, dramatic monologue by Edgar Allan Poe, published in Tamerlane and Other Poems (1827) and revised in later editions of the book, which he initially published anonymously at age 18. Like much of Poe’s early verse, “Tamerlane” shows the influence of the Romantic poets, in particular Lord

Timur was a Turkic conqueror, chiefly remembered for the barbarity of his conquests from India and Russia to the Mediterranean Sea and for the cultural achievements of his dynasty. Timur was a member of the Turkicized Barlas tribe, a Mongol subgroup that had settled in Transoxania (now roughly

Jizzax: …routes to the Mediterranean near Tamerlane’s Gates, the only convenient passage through the Nuratau Mountains to the Zeravshan River valley. Today the city processes cotton and other local agricultural products together with building materials. Pop. (2014 est.) 163,200.

River Thames, chief river of southern England. Rising in the Cotswold Hills, its basin covers an area of approximately 5,500 square miles (14,250 square km). The traditional source at Thames Head, which is dry for much of the year, is marked by a stone in a field 356 feet (108.5 metres) above sea

Tameside, metropolitan borough in the eastern part of the metropolitan county of Greater Manchester, northwestern England. The parts of Tameside west of the River Tame, such as Ashton-under-Lyne (the metropolitan borough’s administrative centre), Audenshaw, and Denton, are in the historic county of

River Thames, chief river of southern England. Rising in the Cotswold Hills, its basin covers an area of approximately 5,500 square miles (14,250 square km). The traditional source at Thames Head, which is dry for much of the year, is marked by a stone in a field 356 feet (108.5 metres) above sea

Niger: Relief: …the Talak region includes the Tamesna area in the north (where fossil valleys are filled with moving sand dunes) and the Azaoua area in the south. East of the Aïr is the Ténéré region, covered partly by an expanse of sand called an erg, partly by a stony plain called…