Thamyris, in Greek mythology, a Thracian poet who loved the beautiful youth Hyacinthus. Thamyris’ attentions, however, were rivaled by those of the god Apollo, who jealously reported to the Muses the boast by Thamyris that he could surpass them in song. In another version of the myth, he challenged

Thailand: Drama and film: …directors is Mom Chao (Prince) Chatrichalerm Yukol, more commonly known by his nickname, Than Mui. In the 1970s and ’80s he produced a number of popular action films that explored the same themes of corruption, environmental degradation, and social inequality as did many fiction writers of the period. Than Mui…

Than Shwe was a Myanmar soldier and politician, leader of the ruling military junta in Myanmar (Burma) from 1992 to 2011. Than Shwe worked as a postal clerk before joining the army in 1953. For the rest of the decade, he served in the army’s psychological warfare department and participated in

Thakin Than Tun was a Burmese politician, leader of the Communist Party of Burma from 1945 until his death. Than Tun was educated at Rangoon (Yangon) Teachers’ Training School and taught at a high school in Rangoon. Influenced at an early age by Marxist writings, in 1936 he joined the nationalist

Thane, city, western Maharashtra state, western India. It lies at the mouth of the Thana River and head of the Ulhas estuary, northeast of central Mumbai (Bombay). The city is colloquially known as the “City of Lakes”, given the 30 scenic lakes located within the bounds of the city and district.

thanatology, the description or study of death and dying and the psychological mechanisms of dealing with them. Thanatology is concerned with the notion of death as popularly perceived and especially with the reactions of the dying, from whom it is felt much can be learned about dealing with

Thanatopsis, poem by William Cullen Bryant, published in the North American Review in 1817 and then revised for the author’s Poems (1821). The poem, written when Bryant was 17, was his best-known work. In its musings on a magnificent, omnipresent Nature, “Thanatopsis,” whose Greek title means “view

libido: …instinct, libido was opposed by thanatos, the death instinct and source of destructive urges; the interaction of the two produced all the variations of human activity. Freud considered psychiatric symptoms the result of misdirection or inadequate discharge of libido.

Thanatos, in ancient Greek religion and mythology, the personification of death. Thanatos was the son of Nyx, the goddess of night, and the brother of Hypnos, the god of sleep. He appeared to humans to carry them off to the underworld when the time allotted to them by the Fates had expired.

Walker Percy: …The Second Coming (1980); and The Thanatos Syndrome (1987). He also wrote such nonfiction as The Message in the Bottle (1975), a sophisticated philosophical treatment of semantics, and Lost in the Cosmos: The Last Self-Help Book (1985), an offbeat amalgam of a self-help-book parody and a philosophical treatise.

Thane, city, western Maharashtra state, western India. It lies at the mouth of the Thana River and head of the Ulhas estuary, northeast of central Mumbai (Bombay). The city is colloquially known as the “City of Lakes”, given the 30 scenic lakes located within the bounds of the city and district.

thane, in English history before the Norman Conquest (1066), a free retainer or lord, corresponding in its various grades to the post-Conquest baron and knight. The word is extant only once in the laws before the time of King Aethelstan (d. 939). The thane became a member of a territorial nobility,

India: Successor states: Sthanvishvara (Thanesar) appears to have been a small principality, probably under the suzerainty of the Guptas. Harsha came to the throne in 606 and ruled for 41 years. The first of the major historical biographies in Sanskrit, the Harshacarita (“Deeds of Harsha”), was written by…

Kurukshetra, city, northeastern Haryana state, northwestern India. It is connected by road and rail with Delhi (south) and Amritsar (north). Kurukshetra’s urban area merges with Thanesar, an important Hindu pilgrimage centre. The city’s large reservoir is said to have been built by Raja Kuru, the

Thanet, district, administrative and historic county of Kent, southeastern England, in the extreme northeast of the county. It roughly coincides with the historic Isle of Thanet, but the modern administrative district extends south of the Great Stour river almost to Sandwich. Margate is its

Isle of Thanet, island in the northeastern corner of the administrative and historic county of Kent, England, bounded by the Thames Estuary and two branches of the Great Stour River. It is 42 square miles (109 square km) in area and is composed mainly of a chalk outlier ending in the North

Thanetian Stage, uppermost division of Paleocene rocks, representing all rocks deposited worldwide during the Thanetian Age (59.2 million to 56 million years ago) of the Paleogene Period (66 million to 23 million years ago). The Thanetian Stage is named for the Thanet Sands, Isle of Thanet, Kent,

Hanoi, city, capital of Vietnam. The city is situated in northern Vietnam on the western bank of the Red River, about 85 miles (140 km) inland from the South China Sea. In addition to being the national capital, Hanoi is also a province-level municipality (thanh pho), administered by the central

thang-ka, (Tibetan: “something rolled up”), Tibetan religious painting or drawing on woven material, usually cotton; it has a bamboo-cane rod pasted on the bottom edge by which it can be rolled up. Thang-kas are essentially aids for meditation, though they may be hung in temples or at family

Central Asian arts: Buddhist morality plays: …morality play was produced by Thang-stong rgyal-po, a famous bridge builder of the 15th century.

Germanic religion and mythology: The end of paganism: …sent out the German priest Thangbrand about 997. Thangbrand was a ruthless, brutal man; he was outlawed and returned to Norway about 999. But in the year after Thangbrand left (c. 1000), the Icelandic parliament (Althingi) resolved, at the instigation of King Olaf, that all should be baptized, although concessions…

Thanh Hoa, city, northern Vietnam. It is situated immediately south of the Red River (Song Hong) delta region, about 85 miles (137 km) south of Hanoi, on a small tributary of the Ma River. Connected to Hanoi by road and railway, it is a growing commercial and industrial centre. The Ma and Chu

Ho Chi Minh: Early life: …organizing them into the Vietnam Thanh Nien Cach Menh Dong Chi Hoi (“Vietnamese Revolutionary Youth Association”), which became famous under the name Thanh Nien. Almost all of its members had been exiled from Indochina because of their political beliefs and had gathered together in order to participate in the struggle…

Ho Chi Minh City, largest city in Vietnam. It was the capital of the French protectorate of Cochinchina (1862–1954) and of South Vietnam (1954–75). The city lies along the Saigon River (Song Sai Gon) to the north of the Mekong River delta, about 50 miles (80 km) from the South China Sea. The

Thani dynasty, ruling family of Qatar. The family is from the Tamīm tribe, which migrated eastward from central Arabia to the Qatar peninsula and emerged as a dominant ruling family in the mid-19th century. The second sheikh, Qāsim ibn Muḥammad (1878–1913), is considered Qatar’s founder. The

Thani dynasty, ruling family of Qatar. The family is from the Tamīm tribe, which migrated eastward from central Arabia to the Qatar peninsula and emerged as a dominant ruling family in the mid-19th century. The second sheikh, Qāsim ibn Muḥammad (1878–1913), is considered Qatar’s founder. The

Sheikh Hamad ibn Khalifa Al Thani was the emir of Qatar (1995–2013). Sheikh Hamad took power from his father, Sheikh Khalifa ibn Hamad Al Thani, who had become Qatar’s leader just months after the country won independence from Great Britain in 1972. In 2013 Hamad abdicated in favour of his son

Sheikh Khalifa ibn Hamad Al Thani was the emir of Qatar (1972–95), who came to power five months after Qatar became a sovereign independent state (September 1971). Sheikh Khalifa held numerous governmental posts, including chief of security forces, director of education, and minister of finance and

Sheikh Tamim ibn Hamad Al Thani is the emir of Qatar (2013– ) who succeeded his father, Sheikh Hamad, after Hamad abdicated in his favour. Tamim was educated in the United Kingdom. Like his father, he attended the Royal Military Academy at Sandhurst, graduating in 1998. He then returned to Qatar,

Sheikha al-Mayassa bint Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani is a Qatari museum administrator who became chairperson of the Qatar Museums Authority [QMA; later renamed Qatar Museums) in 2006, developing a reputation for her vision and energy. Sheikha Mayassa earned (2005) a B.A. in political science and

Thanjavur, city, eastern Tamil Nadu state, southeastern India. It lies in the Kaveri (Cauvery) River delta, about 30 miles (50 km) east of Tiruchchirappalli. An early capital of the Chola empire from the 9th to the 11th century, it was important during the Vijayanagar, Maratha, and British periods.

Donna Summer: …“Last Dance,” from the film Thank God It’s Friday (1978). The latter track won the Academy Award for best song in 1979.

Ariana Grande: thank u, next and Positions: In 2019 Grande released thank u, next. The chart-topping title track, as well as such songs as “Ghostin” and “7 Rings,” offered glimpses into her personal life. Her sixth studio album, Positions, appeared in 2020 and garnered two Grammy nominations. During this time, Grande also sang on other artists’…

J.K. Simmons: Oz, Spider-Man movies, and Whiplash: …in Jason Reitman’s satiric film Thank You for Smoking (2005), and he portrayed the father of the title character in Reitman’s Juno (2007).

Death Cab for Cutie: Thank You for Today (2018) featured Dave Depper and Zac Rae on guitar and keyboards and was met with mixed reviews.

Amy Schumer: …tackling a dramatic role in Thank You for Your Service (2017), an examination of an Iraq War veteran’s struggles with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). She returned to comedy in I Feel Pretty (2018), playing an insecure woman who wakes up from a fall with unshakeable, if not delusional, self-confidence. In…

Roy Del Ruth: Middle years: …musicals continued with the snappy Thanks a Million (1935), starring Dick Powell as a gubernatorial candidate who is assisted by a campaign manager (Fred Allen). He then directed the more serious political drama It Had to Happen (1936), although George Raft and Rosalind Russell made for an unlikely pairing. Private…

Christmas cactus: …Thanksgiving, or crab, cactus (Schlumbergera truncata, formerly Epiphyllum truncatum) and S. russelliana. Like other Schlumbergera species, it is native to Brazil, where it grows as an epiphyte in rainforests, mainly on trees or shrubs but sometimes in shady places among rocks. The alternative genus name, Zygocactus, is frequently encountered.

Thanksgiving Day, annual national holiday in the United States and Canada celebrating the harvest and other blessings of the past year. Americans generally believe that their Thanksgiving is modeled on a 1621 harvest feast shared by the English colonists (Pilgrims) of Plymouth and the Wampanoag

biblical literature: Hodayot: …modern Hebrew name for the Thanksgiving Psalms. This scroll contains sectarian hymns of praise to God. In its view of the fleshly nature of man, who can be justified only by God’s undeserved grace, it resembles St. Paul’s approach to the same problem. Some scholars think that the work, or…

Salween River, major stream of Southeast Asia and the longest in Myanmar (Burma). Rising in the T’ang-ku-la Mountains, a range of eastern Tibet, the river flows generally south for about 1,500 miles (2,400 km) through Yunnan province, China, and eastern Myanmar, emptying into the Gulf of Martaban

Thanom Kittikachorn was an army general and prime minister of Thailand (1958, 1963–71, 1972–73). Thanom entered the army from the royal military academy in 1931. He was a close associate of Sarit Thanarat and, as commander of the important First Army in Bangkok, assisted him in overthrowing the

U Thant was a Myanmar educator, civil servant, and the third secretary general of the United Nations (1962–71). Neutralist by inclination and in practice, he criticized both West and East for actions and attitudes that he considered threatening to world peace. Thant was educated at the University

Kamala Das: …works were the short-story collection Thanuppu (1967; “Cold”) and the memoir Balyakalasmaranakal (1987; “Memories of Childhood”). Perhaps her best-known work was an autobiography, which first appeared as a series of columns in the weekly Malayalanadu, then in Malayalam as Ente Katha (1973), and finally in English as My Story (1976).…

Buddhism: Vietnam: …century by the Chinese monk Thao Durong. From 1414 to 1428 Buddhism in Vietnam was persecuted by the Chinese, who had again conquered the country. Tantrism, Daoism, and Confucianism also filtered into Vietnam at this time. Even after the Chinese had been driven back, a Chinese-like bureaucracy closely supervised the…

Lao literature: Early Lao literature: …works as Sang Sinsai and Thao Hung Thao Cheuang were probably composed. The titles of these works are drawn from the names of their subjects: the former relates the exploits of a legendary prince, and the latter is the tale of a Southeast Asian warrior-king. Following the decline and subsequent…

Austronesian languages: Spacial orientation: Two widely separated examples are Thao (central Taiwan) tana-saya ‘uphill, toward the mountains,’ tana-raus ‘downhill, toward the sea’ and Hawaiian mauka ‘toward the mountains,’ makai ‘toward the sea.’ The monsoon axis is geographically more restricted, but the earlier reconstructed terms *habaRat ‘west monsoon’ and *timuR ‘southeast monsoon’ have been preserved…

Thap Muoi Plain, low, basinlike, alluvial swampy region, a northwestern extension of the Mekong delta, in southern Vietnam and eastern Cambodia. It is bounded on the southeast by the Tien Giang River, the main channel of the Mekong River, and also drains to a lesser extent into the parallel Vam Co

Battle of Thapsus, (February 6, 46 bce [Julian calendar]), in ancient Roman history, battle during the civil war between the Caesarians and the Pompeians (49–46 bce). Thapsus was a North African seaport about 5 miles (8 km) east of present-day Teboulba, Tunisia. Quintus Metellus Scipio, Pompey’s

Thar Desert, arid region of rolling sand hills on the Indian subcontinent. It is located partly in Rajasthan state, northwestern India, and partly in Punjab and Sindh (Sind) provinces, eastern Pakistan. The Thar Desert covers some 77,000 square miles (200,000 square km) of territory. It is bordered

Buddhism: Sa-skya-pa, Bka’-brgyud-pa, and related schools: His most famous work, Thar-rgyan (Tibetan: “The Jewel Ornament of Liberation”), is one of the earliest examples of the Tibetan and Mongolian Vajrayana literary tradition Lam Rim (Tibetan: “Stages on the Path”), which presents Buddhist teachings in terms of gradations in a soteriological process leading to the attainment of…

Tharaud brothers, French brothers noted for the extent and diversity of their literary production spanning 50 years of collaboration. Many of the early works of Jérôme Tharaud (b. May 18, 1874, Saint-Junien, France—d. Jan. 28, 1953, Varengeville-sur-Mer) and Jean Tharaud (b. May 9, 1877,

Tharaud brothers: brothers noted for the extent and diversity of their literary production spanning 50 years of collaboration. Many of the early works of Jérôme Tharaud (b. May 18, 1874, Saint-Junien, France—d. Jan. 28, 1953, Varengeville-sur-Mer) and Jean Tharaud (b. May 9, 1877, Saint-Junien, France—d. April 9,…

Tharaud brothers: French brothers noted for the extent and diversity of their literary production spanning 50 years of collaboration. Many of the early works of Jérôme Tharaud (b. May 18, 1874, Saint-Junien, France—d. Jan. 28, 1953, Varengeville-sur-Mer) and Jean Tharaud (b. May 9, 1877, Saint-Junien, France—d. April…

Thargelia, in Greek religion, one of the chief festivals of Apollo, celebrated on the sixth and seventh days of Thargelion (May–June). According to classics scholar Walter Burkert, the festival was “common to, and characteristic of, Ionians and Athenians.” Basically a vegetation ritual onto which

Shashi Tharoor is a prominent Indian diplomat and politician who, after long service in the international diplomatic corps, became an official in the government of India. He is also a highly regarded author of both nonfiction and fiction books. Tharoor was born into an Indian expatriate family

Twyla Tharp is a popular American dancer, director, and choreographer who is known for her innovative and often humorous work. Tharp grew up in her native Portland, Indiana, and in Los Angeles, and her childhood included comprehensive training in music and dance. While a student at Barnard College,

Sister Rosetta Tharpe was an American guitar player and gospel and blues singer who was popular in the 1930s and ’40s. She sang traditional gospel songs with contemporary jazz tempos that she played on her electric guitar. With these performances, she introduced gospel into nightclubs and concert

Tharrawaddy was the eighth king (reigned 1837–46) of the Alaungpaya, or Konbaung, dynasty of Myanmar (Burma), who repudiated the Treaty of Yandabo and nearly brought about a war with the British. Tharrawaddy in 1837 deposed his brother Bagyidaw (reigned 1819–37), who had been obliged to sign the

India: Principal sites: …settlement of the period is Tharro in southern Sind. This was probably originally a coastal site, although it is now many miles from the sea. There the surrounding wall and the extant traces of houses are of local stone.

Tharsis, extensive volcanic province on Mars that contains three of the planet’s most massive volcanoes. The province is focused on a rise or dome about 8,000 km (5,000 miles) across and 8 km (5 miles) high at the centre. Much of Tharsis is covered with volcanic plains, collectively called Tharsis

Tharsis, extensive volcanic province on Mars that contains three of the planet’s most massive volcanoes. The province is focused on a rise or dome about 8,000 km (5,000 miles) across and 8 km (5 miles) high at the centre. Much of Tharsis is covered with volcanic plains, collectively called Tharsis

Wadi Tharthār: …Mosul) and flowing southward to Lake Tharthār, which is a reservoir 60 miles (100 km) long. The reservoir, formerly a playa lake that varied in size with the amount of rainfall, has been connected by regulators and channels to the Sāmarrāʾ Barrage on the Tigris River, keeping it at a…

Wadi Tharthār, intermittent stream of north-central Iraq, rising from several headstreams in the Sinjār Mountains (west of Mosul) and flowing southward to Lake Tharthār, which is a reservoir 60 miles (100 km) long. The reservoir, formerly a playa lake that varied in size with the amount of

Wadi Tharthār, intermittent stream of north-central Iraq, rising from several headstreams in the Sinjār Mountains (west of Mosul) and flowing southward to Lake Tharthār, which is a reservoir 60 miles (100 km) long. The reservoir, formerly a playa lake that varied in size with the amount of

Tharu, people of the Tarai region of the Himalayan foothills, located in southern Nepal and in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India. In the early 21st century the Tharu in Nepal officially numbered about 1.5 million and those in India about 170,000. They speak various dialects of Tharu, a language

Egypt: The interwar period: …succeeded by another Liberal Constitutionalist, ʿAbd al-Khāliq Tharwat (Sarwat) Pasha, who negotiated a draft treaty with the British foreign secretary. The draft treaty, however, failed to win the approval of the Wafd. Tharwat resigned in March 1928, and Muṣṭafā al-Naḥḥās Pasha, Zaghloul’s successor as head of the Wafd, became prime…

St. Cyprian was an early Christian theologian and bishop of Carthage who led the Christians of North Africa during a period of persecution from Rome. Upon his execution he became the first bishop-martyr of Africa. Cyprian was born of wealthy pagan parents and was educated in law. He practiced as a

Thasos, large, wooded island of the northernmost Aegean Sea, northeastern Greece. It constitutes a dímos (municipality) and perifereiakí enótita (regional unit) in the East Macedonia and Thrace (Modern Greek: Anatolikí Makedonía kai Thrakí) periféreia (region). It is located southwest of the delta

Thasos, large, wooded island of the northernmost Aegean Sea, northeastern Greece. It constitutes a dímos (municipality) and perifereiakí enótita (regional unit) in the East Macedonia and Thrace (Modern Greek: Anatolikí Makedonía kai Thrakí) periféreia (region). It is located southwest of the delta

Thasos, large, wooded island of the northernmost Aegean Sea, northeastern Greece. It constitutes a dímos (municipality) and perifereiakí enótita (regional unit) in the East Macedonia and Thrace (Modern Greek: Anatolikí Makedonía kai Thrakí) periféreia (region). It is located southwest of the delta

Alice Cooper: …roles on such programs as That ’70s Show. In 2018 he played King Herod in the TV movie Jesus Christ Superstar Live in Concert. His syndicated radio show, Nights with Alice Cooper, debuted in 2004.

Carlo Emilio Gadda: …brutto de via Merulana (1957; That Awful Mess on Via Merulana), is a story of a murder and burglary in fascist Rome and of the subsequent investigation, which features characters from many levels of Roman life. The language of the novel, known to Italians as Il pasticciaccio (“The Pastiche”), is…

Michael B. Jordan: …next two movies—the romantic comedy That Awkward Moment (2014) and the superhero movie Fantastic Four (2015)—were widely panned, Jordan returned to his path to stardom when he took on the role of Adonis Creed in Coogler’s well-received and popular addition to the Rocky canon, Creed (2015). He won even more…

Edmund Goulding: The 1930s: …moved to Warner Brothers for That Certain Woman (1937), a remake of The Trespasser. It was a showcase for Bette Davis, whom Goulding would direct in several other films. White Banners (1938), with Claude Rains as an exploited inventor, did not make much of a splash, but Goulding’s remake of…

Robert Altman: Early years: …went to Canada to shoot That Cold Day in the Park (1969), a portentous modern gothic drama starring Sandy Dennis as a disturbed spinster who brings home a young drifter, with dire consequences.

Robert Stevenson: Films for Disney: That Darn Cat! (1965) was perhaps the best of Stevenson’s later movies; it featured Hayley Mills as the plucky heroine who aids an FBI agent (Dean Jones). Stevenson then made The Gnome-Mobile (1967), which was based on Upton Sinclair’s novel The Gnomobile. It offered Walter…

Tim Winton: …other novels by Winton are That Eye, the Sky (1986), Dirt Music (2001), Breath (2008), Eyrie (2013), and The Shepherd’s Hut (2018). He won the Miles Franklin Award three more times: for Cloudstreet (1992), Dirt Music (2002), and Breath (2009). He also wrote several children’s books, including

Television in the United States: The late 1960s and early ’70s: the relevance movement: That Girl (ABC, 1966–71), an old-fashioned show about a single woman living and working in the big city—with the help of her boyfriend and her “daddy”—aired on the same schedule as The Mary Tyler Moore Show (CBS, 1970–77), a new-fashioned comedy about a single woman…

Shirley Temple: …Grant and Myrna Loy, and That Hagen Girl (1947), with Ronald Reagan. In 1949 Temple made her last feature film, A Kiss for Corliss. She later made a brief return to entertainment with a popular television show, Shirley Temple’s Storybook, in 1957–59 and the less successful Shirley Temple Show in…

That Hideous Strength, third novel in a science-fiction trilogy by C.S. Lewis, published in 1945. It is a sequel to Lewis’s Perelandra (1943); the first novel in the trilogy is Out of the Silent Planet (1938). The central character of the earlier stories, Elwin Ransom, is the pivotal character in

That Hideous Strength, third novel in a science-fiction trilogy by C.S. Lewis, published in 1945. It is a sequel to Lewis’s Perelandra (1943); the first novel in the trilogy is Out of the Silent Planet (1938). The central character of the earlier stories, Elwin Ransom, is the pivotal character in

Sidney Lumet: Early work: Not much better was That Kind of Woman (1959), a romantic comedy featuring Sophia Loren as a millionaire’s mistress who falls in love with a soldier (Tab Hunter).

Vientiane: Vientiane’s outstanding building is the That Luang, a stupa (temple), dating from about 1566 and restored by Lao civil servants under Prince Phetsarath during the French colonial period. Pop. (2003 est.) city, 194,200; (2005 est.) urban agglom., 702,000.

Jean-Paul Belmondo: …engaging L’Homme de Rio (1964; That Man from Rio), a fast-moving, fantasy-filled spoof of chase films. Known for performing his own stunts, Belmondo continued to star in entertaining action films and comedies that proved immensely popular with European audiences.

Norman Taurog: Musical comedies and Boys Town: That Midnight Kiss (1949), an entertaining production, featured opera star Mario Lanza in his screen debut as a singing truck driver who whisks a socialite (Kathryn Grayson) off her feet. A box-office hit, it helped establish Lanza as a movie star. Filmgoers also turned out…

Fred Zinnemann: Films of the late 1930s and 1940s: …and short subjects such as That Mothers Might Live (1938), a study of 19th-century Hungarian physician Ignaz Semmelweiz’s pioneering efforts in hospital sanitization, which won an Academy Award for best one-reel short subject. The director’s first B-films for the studio were Kid Glove Killer (1942), a mystery that starred Van…

Annie Proulx: …2002 Proulx published the novel That Old Ace in the Hole about a man who scouts the Texas Panhandle for land to be acquired by a major corporation. Bad Dirt: Wyoming Stories 2 (2004) and Fine Just the Way It Is: Wyoming Stories 3 (2008) are collections of short stories.…

Billy Eckstine: …to My Head,” and “That Old Black Magic.” Eckstine posthumously received a Grammy Award for lifetime achievement in 2019.

Carl Reiner: Film directing: …as director was the comedy That Old Feeling (1997), which starred Bette Midler and Dennis Farina as a long-divorced couple who rekindle their relationship at their daughter’s wedding.

Jostein Gaarder: …English as Vita Brevis and That Same Flower), Sirkusdirektørens datter (2001; The Ringmaster’s Daughter), Slottet i Pyreneene (2008; The Castle in the Pyrenees), and Dukkeføreren (2016; “The Puppet Master”).

Frank Sargeson: The novella That Summer was initially printed in The Penguin New Writing (1943–44) and then as a stand-alone work and again as part of a story collection (1946). It delves into the dynamics of male friendship in the singular, isolating New Zealand environment and, like much of…

Morley Callaghan: …among his later works are That Summer in Paris (1963), a memoir of Callaghan’s days in Paris in 1929 and his friendship with F. Scott Fitzgerald and Ernest Hemingway, and A Fine and Private Place (1975), the story of an author who wants artistic recognition in his own country. The…

Irish literature: The 21st century: …McGahern published his final work, That They May Face the Rising Sun, which some critics have called one of the best Irish novels of all time. John Banville won the Booker Prize in 2005 for his novel The Sea, the story of an art historian who revisits the seaside village…

Tom Hanks: …wrote and directed the comedy That Thing You Do! (1996), about a fictional 1960s rock band. He later cowrote, directed, and starred opposite Julia Roberts in the romance Larry Crowne (2011), playing an unemployed man who enrolls in community college. Hanks also produced a number of films and such television…

Delbert Mann: Feature films: …Lover Come Back (1961) and That Touch of Mink (1962); the former costarred Rock Hudson, and the latter featured Cary Grant. Both films are notable examples of early 1960s romantic comedies. Hudson also starred in the aviation film A Gathering of Eagles (1963), and Glenn Ford and Geraldine Page gave…

Ernst Lubitsch: Films of the 1940s: That Uncertain Feeling (1941) was something of a disappointment after Lubitsch’s two previous triumphs. A remake of his 1925 silent comedy Kiss Me Again, it starred Douglas and Merle Oberon as an unhappily married couple who consider divorce but finally learn to appreciate each other.

satire: Motion pictures and television: That Was the Week That Was, a weekly satirical review started in England in 1962, had remarkable success for a time but succumbed to a variety of pressures, some of them political; when a version of the program was attempted in the United States, it…

S.E. Hinton: …novels for young adults include That Was Then, This Is Now (1971), Rumble Fish (1975), Tex (1979), and Taming the Star Runner (1988). Each of those books features a cast of characters who suffer from society’s ills. Young people alienated from their families and from their peers are seen to…

Ivan Albright: In 1931 Albright began That Which I Should Have Done I Did Not Do (The Door), which shows a scarred, decrepit door on which is hung a funeral wreath. Albright completed it in 1941, and in 1942 the work won both the Temple Gold medal at the Pennsylvania Academy…