Ningxia, or Ningsia in full Hui Autonomous Region of Ningxia, Autonomous region, northern China. Area: 25,600 sq mi (66,400 sq km). Population: (2020) 7,202,654. Capital: Yinchuan. It is bounded by Shaanxi and Gansu provinces and Inner Mongolia autonomous region. China’s Great Wall runs along its northeastern boundary. It is nearly coextensive with the ancient kingdom of the Tangut people, whose capital was captured by Genghis Khan in the early 13th century. The region is mostly desert and is sparsely settled, but the vast plain of the Huang He (Yellow River) in the north has been irrigated for centuries; over the years an extensive system of canals has been built.
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