airfoil

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airfoil

aircraft part

Also known as: aerofoil

Written and fact-checked by The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica

Last Updated: Feb 1, 2025 • Article History

Also spelled:: Aerofoil

Related Topics:: airplane; wing; stall; chord; angle of attack

On the Web:: IOPscience - Research on the Aerodynamic Performance of an Airfoil (Feb. 01, 2025)

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airfoil, shaped surface, such as an airplane wing, tail, or propeller blade, that produces lift and drag when moved through the air. An airfoil produces a lifting force that acts at right angles to the airstream and a dragging force that acts in the same direction as the airstream.

High-speed aircraft usually employ low-drag, low-lift airfoils that are thin and streamlined. Slow aircraft that carry heavy loads use thicker airfoils with high drag and high lift.

This article was most recently revised and updated by Amy Tikkanen.