Finno-Ugric

people

Learn about this topic in these articles:

demography of

Finland
- In Finland: Ethnic groups
  Peoples of Uralic (specifically Finno-Ugric) stock dominated two settlement areas. Those who entered southwestern Finland across the Gulf of Finland were the ancestors of the Hämäläiset (Tavastians, or Tavastlanders), the people of southern and western Finland (especially the historic region of Häme); those who entered from the southeast were…
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Siberia
- In Siberia: Prehistory and early Russian settlement
  Manchu-Tungus (Evenk [Evenki], Even), Finno-Ugric (Khanty, Mansi), and Mongolic (Buryat), among others.
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history of

Baltic states
- In Baltic states: Prehistory to the 18th century
  In prehistoric times Finno-Ugric tribes inhabited a long belt stretching across northern Europe from the Urals through northern Scandinavia, reaching south to present-day Latvia. The predecessors of the modern Balts bordered them along a belt to the south, stretching west from a region in what is now central…
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Central Asia
- In history of Central Asia: The Russian conquests
  The native Finno-Ugrians—Samoyed or Tungus hunters accustomed to paying their fur tribute—were little concerned with the nationality of the tax collectors and found it no more unpleasant to deal with the Russians than with Turks or Mongols. Russian penetration was marked by the building of small forts,…
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religion

ancient European religions
- In Finno-Ugric religion: The Finno-Ugric peoples
  The area inhabited by the Finno-Ugric peoples is extensive: from Norway to the region of the Ob River in Siberia and southward into the Carpathian Basin in central Europe and Ukraine. The history of their geographic dispersion is based almost entirely on linguistic…
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shamanism
- In shamanism: Persistence of shamanism
  …other religions, as in the Finno-Ugric peoples who became Christians (see Finno-Ugric religion), Turkic peoples in Central Asia and Asia Minor who became Muslim, and Mongols who became Buddhists. Among the Finns, the tietäjä, a figure equivalent to the shaman, also is born with one more tooth than normal. Among…
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Tengger

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Tengger

people

Also known as: Tenggerese

Written and fact-checked by The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica

Article History

Also called:: Tenggerese

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Tengger, second smallest of the ethnic groups indigenous to the island of Java in Indonesia, living mainly on the high slopes of a large volcanic crater in the Tengger Mountains and numbering about 34,000 at the turn of the 21st century. They are believed to be the only surviving remnants of the Hindu-Buddhist Majapahit empire from its later period (c. 1500 ce). Because of the high elevation and the climate, the Tengger cannot grow the Indonesian staple crop of rice. They sow corn (maize), potatoes, onions, and cabbage in a two-season year and keep a small number of buffalo. Lacking the economic base for large-scale political integration, the Tengger community unit (with an elected headman) is the village, traditionally consisting of large, thatched wooden houses sheltering several families and surrounded by a bamboo palisade. Although some villagers have converted to Islam, most observe a local religion influenced by Hinduism, with a priest, or dukun, who performs sacrifices on the sacred crater. Historically, the Tengger have largely been isolated from the external influences and cultural interaction typical of coastal Java. In the 21st century, however, the region hosts a year-round stream of domestic and foreign tourists.

This article was most recently revised and updated by Virginia Gorlinski.