Pan-American Highway

Pan-American Highway, network of highways connecting North America and South America. Originally conceived in 1923 as a single route, the road grew to include a great number of designated highways in participating countries. The whole system, extending from Alaska and Canada to Chile, Brazil, and the southern tip of Argentina, totals nearly 30,600 km (19,000 miles). The Inter-American Highway, from Nuevo Laredo, Mexico, to Panama City (5,390 km [3,350 miles]), is a part of it.

In 1937 Argentina, Bolivia, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, and the United States signed the Convention on the Pan-American Highway, whereby they agreed to achieve speedy construction of their respective sections of the highway. The Mexican section, the first Latin American section to be completed, was built and financed entirely by Mexico, while the sections through many of the Central American countries were built with U.S. assistance.

The Pan-American Highway is nearly continuous, with the major exception of the Darién Gap, the overland route that stretches about 100 km (60 miles) between Panama and Colombia. The environmentally sensitive rainforests and marshlands of the Darién Gap are home to a number of Indigenous peoples who have long opposed any plans to continue construction of the highway, and there are concerns about facilitating drug trafficking and illegal immigration should the road be continued. The treacherous, inhospitable terrain is extremely dangerous to travelers, who are also vulnerable to kidnapping or other violence by guerrillas, drug traffickers, and smugglers. Those seeking to travel the length of the Americas on the Pan-American Highway typically bypass the Gap by boat or plane.