Proto-Austronesian language

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Table 54: Austronesian Family Tree (Theory 1)

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Proto-Austronesian language

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distribution and reconstruction

In Austronesian languages: Major subgroups
…after the initial breakup of Proto-Austronesian itself.
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phonological and grammatical features

In Austronesian languages: Grammar
Proto-Austronesian (PAN) probably had a verb–object–subject (VOS) word order. Four PAN affixes are commonly recognized: *Si- marked instrumental focus (abbreviated IF), *-um- actor focus (AF), *-an locative focus (LF), and *-en patient focus (PF). In addition, the infix *-in- marked completive (c) aspect or past…
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Formosan languages

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Table 54: Austronesian Family Tree (Theory 1)

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Computer mapping, woman at early 1990s computer

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Formosan languages

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Related Topics:: Paiwan language; Atayalic language; Paiwanic language; Tsonic language; Ami language

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Formosan languages, aboriginal languages of Formosa (Taiwan). They are now chiefly spoken only in small communities in remote areas.

The Formosan languages belong to the Austronesian family. They are diverse and fall into three major branches: Atayalic, Tsonic, and Paiwanic. The last is the largest and includes Ami, Bunun, Paiwan, and Saaroa.