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SMART-1
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SMART-1 mission; Mare Humorum; Oceanus Procellarum
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SMART-1 mission; Mare Humorum; Oceanus Procellarum
SMART-1 mission; Mare Humorum; Oceanus Procellarum A Mercator map generated during the European Space Agency's SMART-1 mission to the Moon indicating the positions of Mare Humorum (green) and Oceanus Procellarum (red).

SMART-1

European Space Agency lunar probe
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Also known as: Small Missions for Advanced Research and Technology-1
Written by
Erik Gregersen
Erik Gregersen is a senior editor at Encyclopaedia Britannica, specializing in the physical sciences and technology. Before joining Britannica in 2007, he worked at the University of Chicago Press on the...
Erik Gregersen
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SMART-1, first lunar probe of the European Space Agency. SMART-1 was launched on Sept. 27, 2003. The 367-kg (809-pound) probe had a xenon-ion engine that generated only 7 grams (0.2 ounce) of thrust, but it was sufficient to nudge SMART-1 from its first stop (the first Lagrangian point between Earth and the Sun) into lunar orbit on Nov. 15, 2003. Once there, SMART-1 scanned the Moon for signs of water in polar craters and mapped the lunar terrain. When its mission ended, it was crashed into the Moon on Sept. 3, 2006, and telescopes on Earth observed the impact in order to study the lunar surface.

Erik Gregersen