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Thermidor
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National Convention; Thermidorian Reaction
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National Convention; Thermidorian Reaction
National Convention; Thermidorian Reaction The arrest of Maximilien Robespierre on 9 Thermidor, year II (July 27, 1794).

Thermidor

French republican calendar
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Article History

Thermidor, the name given during the French Revolution to the eleventh month of the year in the republican calendar. The month fell in the hottest season of the year, beginning on July 19 or 20 and ending on August 18 or 19, according to the year.

As in all the other months of the republican calendar, each of the days of Thermidor was, in accordance with the suggestion of Philippe Fabre d’Églantine, consecrated to some useful plant, animal, or object. Thus 1 Thermidor was consecrated to spelt, 10 Thermidor to the watering can, 15 Thermidor to sheep, and 27 Thermidor to lentils. The most important event that took place in this month was the revolution of 9 Thermidor, year II (July 27, 1794), which resulted in the fall of Maximilien Robespierre and the collapse of the Terror. The name Thermidorian was given to the authors of this revolution and to the supporters of the reactionary movement of which it was the signal.

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica This article was most recently revised and updated by Michael Ray.