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Tiangong kaiwu
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Tiangong kaiwu

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Ming dynasty scholarship

  • China
    In China: Literature and scholarship

    …organization, and war tactics; and Tiangong kaiwu (1637; “Creations of Heaven and Human Labor”), on industrial technology. Ming scholars also produced numerous valuable geographical treatises and historical studies. Among the creative milestones of Ming scholarship, which pointed the way for the development of modern critical scholarship in early Qing times,…

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