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derivation

transformational grammar

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linguistics

  • Wilhelm von Humboldt
    In linguistics: Chomsky’s grammar

    …applicable; in doing so, a derivation can be constructed of one of the sentences generated by the grammar. If the rules are applied in the following order: (1), (2), (3), (3), (4), (5), (5), (6), (6), (7), (8), then assuming that “the” is selected on both applications of (5), “man”…

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generative grammar, a precisely formulated set of rules whose output is all (and only) the sentences of a language—i.e., of the language that it generates. There are many different kinds of generative grammar, including transformational grammar as developed by Noam Chomsky from the mid-1950s. Linguists have disagreed as to which, if any, of these different kinds of generative grammar serves as the best model for the description of natural languages.

Generative grammars do not merely distinguish the grammatical sentence of a language from ungrammatical sequences of words of the same language; they also provide a structural description, or syntactic analysis, for each of the grammatical sentences. The structural descriptions provided by a generative grammar are comparable with, but more precisely formulated than, the analyses that result from the traditional practice of parsing sentences in terms of the parts of speech.

This article was most recently revised and updated by Brian Duignan.