empress Directory References Discover What If the President Is Impeached? 9 of the World’s Deadliest Mammals Cruel and Unusual Punishments: 15 Types of Torture 9 Mind-Altering Plants Did Nero Really Fiddle as Rome Burned? 8 of the Largest Empires in History What Do Eggs Have to Do with Easter? Contents Ask the Chatbot a Question empress title Ask the Chatbot a Question Learn about this topic in these articles:Assorted Referenceshistory of the term “emperor” In emperor…female rulers were always called empress; both males and females held both titles, i.e., tsar (or tsaritsa) and imperator (or imperatritsa).Read MoreSPECIAL FEATURElist of empresses Britannica ChatbotChatbot answers are created from Britannica articles using AI. This is a beta feature. AI answers may contain errors. Please verify important information using Britannica articles. About Britannica AI.