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flabellum
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flabellum (liturgical fan)
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flabellum

fan
Also known as: flabella

Learn about this topic in these articles:

types of fans

  • folding fan
    In fan

    The flabellum, a metal disk mounted on a long handle, was used in medieval church ceremony; it was held by the deacon and used pro muscis fugandis, “to drive away flies.”

    Read More

use as ritualistic object

  • leaded bronze ceremonial object
    In ceremonial object: Protective devices and markers of sacredness

    …may be compared to the flabella (“fans”) in the Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches. They are waved before the iconostasis during the Eucharist in the divine liturgy of the Eastern Orthodox Church, and they also are placed on either side of the papal chair in solemn processions. The parasol, or…

    Read More
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cowl
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Franciscan monks wearing cowls, detail of an oil painting on panel by del Castro, 15th century; in the John G. Johnson Collection, Philadelphia
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Franciscan monks wearing cowls, detail of an oil painting on panel by del Castro, 15th century; in the John G. Johnson Collection, Philadelphia
Franciscan monks wearing cowls, detail of an oil painting on panel by del Castro, 15th century; in the John G. Johnson Collection, Philadelphia

cowl

religious dress
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Article History

cowl, hooded cloak worn by monks, usually the same colour as the habit of the order. Originally a common outer garment worn by both men and women, it was prescribed by St. Benedict for the monks of his order (c. 530). In addition to the typical garment, the separate hood worn by Augustinians, the small hood attached to Franciscans’ habits, and the large, pleated choir robe worn by English Benedictines are also called cowls.

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