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history of logic

In history of logic: Syllogisms
…to what is called the logic of propositions. Aristotle’s logic is, by contrast, a logic of terms in the sense described above. A sustained study of the logic of propositions came only after Aristotle.
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In history of logic: The Megarians and the Stoics
…Aristotelians, the Stoics developed propositional logic to the neglect of term logic. They did not produce a system of logical laws arising from the internal structure of simple propositions, as Aristotle had done with his account of opposition, conversion, and syllogistic for categorical propositions. Instead, they concentrated on inferences from…
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induction

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induction

reason

Also known as: inductive inference, inductive logic, inductive reasoning

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Key People:: Socrates; John Stuart Mill; Rudolf Carnap; Charles Sanders Peirce; William Whewell

Related Topics:: logic; mathematical induction; problem of induction; reason; inference

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induction, in logic, method of reasoning from a part to a whole, from particulars to generals, or from the individual to the universal. As it applies to logic in systems of the 20th century, the term is obsolete. Traditionally, logicians distinguished between deductive logic (inference in which the conclusion follows necessarily from the premise, or drawing new propositions out of premises in which they lie latent) and inductive logic, but the problems earlier subsumed under induction are considered to be concerns of the methodology of the natural sciences, and logic is generally taken to mean deductive logic.

logic of propositions

Learn about this topic in these articles:

history of logic

induction