megalopolis

urbanization

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Assorted References

  • history of Delhi
    • Delhi, India
      In Delhi: History of Delhi

      …pattern familiar to many postcolonial megalopolises, the deluge of job-seeking immigrants has placed a colossal strain on the city’s infrastructure and on the ingenuity of city planners to provide sufficient electricity, sanitation, and clean water for the population. Especially problematic—in a city in which the population more than doubled in…

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  • influence of population explosion
    • In urbanization: Modern growth

      …growth fueled the generation of megalopolises—concentrations of urban centres that may extend for scores of miles. Examples of this phenomenon have appeared in the United States, on the northeastern seaboard and along the coast of southern California among other areas. Other megalopolises include the Tokyo–Ōsaka–Kyōto complex in Japan, the region…

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  • work of Gottman

development in

    • Great Lakes region
      • Marquette
        In Great Lakes: The economy

        Major urbanized areas include a band that extends from Milwaukee, Wisconsin, through Chicago and around southern Lake Michigan; a band that stretches southward from Detroit, Michigan, and then continues along the southern shore of Lake Erie; and the Toronto-Hamilton area on the northern shore of Lake…

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    • industrial society
      • Max Weber
        In modernization: New patterns of urban life

        …even larger urban agglomerations, the megalopolises. Examples of megalopolises in the United States include “Boswash,” the chain of contiguous cities and surrounding regions that stretches from Boston to Washington, D.C., along the northeastern seaboard; the Chicago–Pittsburgh area around the Great Lakes; and the San Francisco–San Diego region along the California…

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    • United States
      • A map of the states, boundaries, and capital cities of the United States, along with the bodies of water and other counties surrounding the U.S.
        In United States: The supercities

        …and complexity the aptly named megalopolis, that supercity stretching along the Atlantic from Portland, Maine, past Richmond, Virginia. Other large conurbations include, in the Great Lakes region, one centered on Chicago and containing large slices of Illinois, Wisconsin, and Indiana; another based in Detroit, embracing large parts of Michigan and…

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      • Virginia
        In Virginia: Settlement patterns

        …the great population mass, or megalopolis, arcing across the northeastern United States from Boston to Washington, D.C. Other metropolitan areas include the urban environs of Roanoke and Lynchburg, as well as those around the smaller cities of Danville, Bristol, and Charlottesville.

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    Chicago is called the “Second City” due to a combination of historical and cultural factors, primarily stemming from its rivalry with New York City and the name of a book by A.J. Liebling, who coined the term in the 1950s.

    In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Chicago was in fierce competition with New York City. This rivalry was not just about size but also about cultural and economic influence. Chicago was rapidly growing and was, from 1890 to 1982, the second-largest city in the United States. This competition was highlighted during the 1890s when Chicago aggressively campaigned to host the World’s Columbian Exposition, succeeding over New York and St. Louis. This event showcased Chicago’s ambition and its desire to be seen as a major player on the national stage.

    The term “Second City” was popularized by New York writer A.J. Liebling in his 1952 book Chicago: The Second City. Liebling’s essays critiqued Chicago’s attempts to rival New York, often portraying it as a city trying to catch up. His writings suggested that Chicago was always in the shadow of New York, both culturally and economically. Despite the somewhat derogatory tone, the nickname stuck and became a part of Chicago’s identity. It was adopted by the famous Second City comedy troupe, which has been a launchpad for famous comedians.

    “Second City” is far from Chicago’s only nickname, however. It is called the “Windy City” more for its politics than its climate. Carl Sandburg called it “the city of big shoulders.” In the 1920s, it was a “toddlin’ town” and years later Frank Sinatra would croon “my kind of town, Chicago is.”

    Finally, it seems worth noting that the “Second City” is actually now the “Third City,” behind New York and Los Angeles in total population.

    The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica