Key People:
Sydney M. Lamb

stratificational grammar, system of grammatical analysis in which language is viewed as a network of relationships and linguistic structure is considered to be made up of several structural layers, or strata. Stratificational grammar derives in part from glossematics and in part from American structuralism. It was put forward in the United States as one of the principal alternatives to transformational grammar, but it has had much less impact elsewhere on linguistic theory and practice.

This article was most recently revised and updated by Brian Duignan.

generative grammar, a precisely formulated set of rules whose output is all (and only) the sentences of a language—i.e., of the language that it generates. There are many different kinds of generative grammar, including transformational grammar as developed by Noam Chomsky from the mid-1950s. Linguists have disagreed as to which, if any, of these different kinds of generative grammar serves as the best model for the description of natural languages.

Generative grammars do not merely distinguish the grammatical sentence of a language from ungrammatical sequences of words of the same language; they also provide a structural description, or syntactic analysis, for each of the grammatical sentences. The structural descriptions provided by a generative grammar are comparable with, but more precisely formulated than, the analyses that result from the traditional practice of parsing sentences in terms of the parts of speech.

This article was most recently revised and updated by Brian Duignan.