Astrid Lindgren
Astrid Lindgren (born November 14, 1907, Vimmerby, Sweden—died January 28, 2002, Stockholm) was an influential Swedish writer of children’s books who created such memorable characters as Pippi Longstocking.
Lindgren’s great popularity began in 1945 with the publication of Pippi Långstrump (Pippi Longstocking), the first of several books with Pippi as a main character. This strangely dressed girl living alone with her horse and ape, having great wealth and enormous physical strength, stands totally apart from the conformist demands of everyday life and incarnates every child’s dream of freedom and power. The Pippi books also exhibit the infectious humour for which Lindgren is known. Among the many languages into which the books have been translated are Japanese, in which Pippi is known as Nagakutsushita-no-Pippi, and Hebrew, in which she becomes Bilbec Bat-Gerev. English translations included The Adventures of Pippi Longstocking (a collection of three Pippi books), The Amazing Pippi Longstocking, Pippi Goes On Board, and Pippi Goes to the Circus. Numerous feature-length films have been devoted to Pippi.
An equally popular character is found in Emil i Lönneberga (1963; Emil in the Soup Tureen), which was followed by a sequel in 1970. Emil is another uninhibited child of nature depicted in a setting from Lindgren’s home province around the turn of the century. Other well-known characters include the children from Bullerbyn, portrayed in three books from the 1940s and 1950s, and Nils Karlsson-Pyssling (1949), a poetic tale of a lonely child and his world of imaginary creatures. In Mio, min Mio (1954; Mio, My Son) and Bröderna Lejonhjärta (1973; The Brothers Lionheart) Lindgren turned with equal success to the world of folklore, and in Ronja Rövardotter (1981; Ronia, the Robber’s Daughter), she let the undaunted Ronja and her friend Birk experience both the dangers and hardship and the beauty and mystique of an animated forest. Once again, the author created a source of relief and mutual empowerment for her young characters and readers alike. Drama and resolution fit like hand and glove in this adventurous tale about maturation, which ultimately brings together even the two youngsters’ competing families.
Lindgren received the gold medal of the Swedish Academy in 1971. The Astrid Lindgren Memorial Award, given for adolescent and children’s literature, was established in 2002.