Quick Facts

Celeste Ng (born July 30, 1980, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S.) is an American writer who authored several best-selling novels, including Everything I Never Told You (2014) and Little Fires Everywhere (2017). Her work often includes elements of mystery, family drama, and social commentary.

Ng was born to parents who emigrated from Hong Kong in the 1960s. Both were scientists, and, when Ng was about 10 years old, they moved the family from Pittsburgh to Shaker Heights, Ohio, for new jobs. Her father joined the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) as a physicist, and her mother became a chemist at Cleveland State University. Ng spent her youth writing plays, poems, and stories. In high school she had a play produced at the Dobama Theatre in Cleveland Heights, and she served as a member of the school’s Student Group on Race Relations, in which she held discussions at local elementary schools on subjects such as discrimination and stereotyping. Ng studied English at Harvard University and graduated in 2002. She subsequently enrolled in the creative writing program at the University of Michigan and earned an M.F.A. in 2006.

After graduating, Ng worked briefly at a tech startup and freelanced as a copy editor while submitting stories to literary magazines and working on a novel. Her breakout piece, the short story “Girls, at Play,” was rejected some 17 times before it was published in Bellevue Literary Review in 2010 and received a Pushcart Prize in 2012. Two years later Ng published her first novel, Everything I Never Told You. Set in a fictional Ohio town in the 1970s, the story centres on a Chinese American family and the sudden death of their eldest daughter. The novel explores themes of grief, anti-Asian racism, and family ties. Upon its publication Everything I Never Told You garnered enthusiastic reviews and received multiple literary awards. After Amazon picked it as the best book of 2014, its popularity exploded.

Ng followed up that success with a second novel, Little Fires Everywhere. The book begins with a striking image of a house aflame and then rewinds to examine the relationship between two families: the Richardsons, an affluent white family, and the Warrens, a mother and daughter with a mysterious past. Interlocking subplots converge in a broader discussion of how privilege factors into motherhood. The novel proved to be another hit, and a television adaptation—produced by Ng and actors Kerry Washington and Reese Witherspoon, among others—was released in 2020. Ng’s third novel, Our Missing Hearts (2022), was also well received by critics. It reflects contemporary social issues in its dystopian vision of an America where the government censors school curricula, books, and other media it deems unpatriotic.

In addition to her novels, Ng authored a number of short stories and essays, which appeared in publications including The New York Times, The Guardian, and the Kenyon Review. She was the recipient of fellowships from the National Endowment for the Arts (2016) and the Guggenheim Foundation (2020). Outside her writing, Ng cultivated an active social media presence, sharing details of her personal life and advocating for social justice causes. According to Ng, most of the anti-Asian racism she describes in her novels is drawn from her own personal experience. She leveraged her platform in order to combat bigotry; after the election of U.S. Pres. Donald Trump, Ng popularized a Twitter campaign called #SmallActs to inspire support for marginalized groups. In 2020 she partnered with the nonprofit We Need Diverse Books to launch grants for adults from diverse backgrounds interested in publishing careers.

Anna Dubey

nuclear family

anthropology
Also known as: elementary family, two-parent family
Also called:
elementary family
Related Topics:
family
extended family
conjugal family

nuclear family, in sociology and anthropology, a group of people who are united by ties of partnership and parenthood and consisting of a pair of adults and their socially recognized children. Typically, but not always, the adults in a nuclear family are married. Although such couples are most often a man and a woman, the definition of the nuclear family has expanded with the advent of same-sex marriage. Children in a nuclear family may be the couple’s biological or adopted offspring.

Thus defined, the nuclear family was once widely held to be the most basic and universal form of social organization. Anthropological research, however, has illuminated so much variability of this form that it is safer to assume that what is universal is a “nuclear family complex” in which the roles of husband, wife, mother, father, son, daughter, brother, and sister are embodied by people whose biological relationships do not necessarily conform to the Western definitions of these terms. In matrilineal societies, for example, a child may be the responsibility not of his biological genitor but of his mother’s brother, who fulfills the roles typical of Western fatherhood.

Closely related in form to the predominant nuclear-family unit are the conjugal family and the consanguineal family. As its name implies, the conjugal family is knit together primarily by the marriage tie and consists of mother, father, their children, and some close relatives. The consanguineal family, on the other hand, typically groups itself around a unilineal descent group known as a lineage, a form that reckons kinship through either the father’s or the mother’s line but not both. Whether a culture is patrilineal or matrilineal, a consanguineal family comprises lineage relatives and consists of parents, their children, and their children’s children. Rules regarding lineage exogamy, or out-marriage, are common in these groups; within a given community, marriages thus create cross-cutting social and political ties between lineages.

More From Britannica
family law: The two-parent family

The stability of the conjugal family depends on the quality of the marriage of the husband and wife, a relationship that is more emphasized in the kinds of industrialized, highly mobile societies that frequently demand that people reside away from their kin groups. The consanguineal family derives its stability from its corporate nature and its permanence, as its relationships emphasize the perpetuation of the line.

This article was most recently revised and updated by Elizabeth Prine Pauls.