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Christopher Wheeldon (born March 22, 1973, Yeovil, Somerset, England) is a British-born ballet soloist and choreographer, known for his work with New York City Ballet, its connected institution, the School of American Ballet, and the Royal Ballet, London. In his choreography, Wheeldon shunned trendiness and preferred the classical and lyrical to the more contemporary.

Wheeldon was first attracted to ballet when he saw the chicken dance in a production of La Fille mal gardée on television. He began taking classes, first in a local school and later at London’s Royal Ballet School. There he began creating dances and winning awards for them. At age 17 he won the Prix de Lausanne competition’s gold medal with a program that included one of his own pieces.

In 1991 Wheeldon entered the corps de ballet of the Royal Ballet, where he spent two years. While on a trip to New York City during a company break, he was persuaded to take a class with New York City Ballet (NYCB), and at the end of the class he was offered a job with that company. In 1993, after he finished his contract with the Royal Ballet, he entered the NYCB corps. He appeared in such ballets as Dances at a Gathering, The Four Temperaments, Chaconnne, A Midsummer Night’s Dream, The Nutcracker, The Concert, and The Goldberg Variations. He originated roles in a number of other works, among them West Side Story Suite, La Stravaganza, Brandenburg, Reliquary, and Episodes and Sarcasms. Along the way, he was promoted to soloist.

Wheeldon also choreographed for the School of American Ballet for such performances as Le Voyage (1994) and Danses bohémiennes (1996). In 1997 his first work for NYCB, Slavonic Dances, was presented to wide acclaim. Wheeldon also choreographed Scènes de ballet for the School of American Ballet; it premiered in 1999. Set to music by Igor Stravinsky, it featured more than 60 children in a classroom setting and for the most part was choreographed to give the illusion of dancers and their mirror images. One scene, however, depicted a rapturous fantasy pas de deux “imagined” by one of the children as she gazed into a mirror.

As his reputation grew, Wheeldon received invitations from other ballet troupes such as the San Francisco Ballet, for which he choreographed Within the Golden Hour (2008). He created pieces for the Colorado Ballet and Boston Ballet, and in late 1999 it was announced that Wheeldon had been appointed Boston Ballet’s principal guest choreographer. He also supplied some of the original choreography for the motion pictures Center Stage (2000), Ballets russes (2005), and The Sleeping Beauty (2008).

In 2007 Wheeldon founded a dance company, Morphoses/The Wheeldon Company, in collaboration with former New York City Ballet principal dancer Lourdes Lopez. When Wheeldon left the organization in 2010, Lopez carried on and continued to direct the company then renamed simply Morphoses.

Shortly after, Wheeldon became the artistic associate of the Royal Ballet, where he created the three-act ballets Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland (2011) and The Winter’s Tale (2014). He also staged productions for a number of major ballet companies, including Cinderella (2012) for both the San Francisco Ballet and the Dutch National Ballet, Amsterdam, and The Nutcracker (2016) for the Joffrey Ballet, Chicago. Wheeldon also choreographed several Broadway productions, and he earned Tony Awards for his work on An American in Paris (2014) and MJ: The Musical (2022), about the life of Michael Jackson.

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In 2016 Wheeldon was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE).

Barbara Whitney The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica

Royal Ballet

British ballet company
Also known as: Sadler’s Wells Ballet, Vic-Wells Ballet

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Royal Ballet, English ballet company and school. It was formed in 1956 under a royal charter of incorporation granted by Queen Elizabeth II to the Sadler’s Wells Ballet and its sister organizations, the Sadler’s Wells Theatre Ballet and the Sadler’s Wells School.

The founders of the Sadler’s Wells Ballet were Lilian Baylis and Ninette de Valois. De Valois established a ballet school in London in 1926, the same year that Baylis, the director of the Old Vic Theatre, engaged her to stage incidental dances for operas and plays. When Baylis took over as director of the Sadler’s Wells Theatre in London in 1931, she and de Valois organized the Vic-Wells Ballet there. While the company performed at the Old Vic and Sadler’s Wells theatres through the 1930s, it was called the Vic-Wells Ballet; later it was known as the Sadler’s Wells Ballet.

Alicia Markova became the company’s first prima ballerina in 1933. When she left the company in 1935, many of her roles were inherited by the 16-year-old Margot Fonteyn, who later matured into one of the great ballerinas of the century. Robert Helpmann, who had joined the company in 1933, became its principal male dancer. In the 1930s the company premiered several important new ballets choreographed by de Valois and by Frederick Ashton. The dancer and choreographer Léonide Massine was associated with the Sadler’s Wells Ballet in the 1940s and ’50s. In 1949 the company made its first triumphant American tour. It was by then a very large organization, with its own school and a sister company, the Sadler’s Wells Theatre Ballet, which had been founded in 1946 to undertake foreign and provincial tours.

In 1956 Sadler’s Wells received a royal charter and was renamed the Royal Ballet. Its two companies began a gradual amalgamation that was completed in 1959. The Royal Ballet, since its formation in 1956, has featured such choreographers as Ashton, Kenneth MacMillan, Bronislava Nijinska, and George Balanchine and has toured widely.

This article was most recently revised and updated by Amy Tikkanen.