Blessed Edmund Ignatius Rice
Blessed Edmund Ignatius Rice (born June 1, 1762, Callan, County Kilkenny, Ireland—died August 29, 1844, Waterford, County Waterford; beatified October 6, 1996) was the founder and first superior general of the Brothers of the Christian Schools of Ireland (commonly called the Christian Brothers), a congregation of male nonclerics devoted exclusively to educating youth.
Rice came from a farming family in the village of Callan in County Kilkenny. He grew up during a time when the Penal Laws, which prohibited the practice of Roman Catholicism and imposed civil disabilities on Catholics in Britain and Ireland, had reduced many Catholics in his country to poverty and restricted their education. Though Rice’s family was prosperous, he received little formal education until he was 15 because of prohibitions against Catholic schools. As a young child he attended a “hedge school,” an illegal school conducted by traveling teachers, and he was given religious instruction by his parents and by an Augustinian friar.
Rice inherited a business in the city of Waterford from his uncle and became a prosperous merchant. He married Mary Elliott, a businessman’s daughter, about 1785, but she died four years later, shortly after suffering a tragic accident and giving birth to a daughter with a physical disability. Rice joined a men’s prayer group, and he resolved to devote himself to the education of poor boys. He opened his first school in Waterford in 1802, followed by others in the towns of Dungarvan and Carrick-on-Suir and eventually the cities of Cork, Dublin, and Limerick. He lived in a community with a small group of fellow teachers, and they developed a rule adapted from the Congregation of Our Lady of the Presentation, an order of women religious who operated a school for poor girls in Waterford. In 1808 he and several companions took vows; their congregation was called the Society of the Presentation, and Rice became known as Brother Ignatius, in honor of St. Ignatius of Loyola.
The congregation received papal approval in 1820, and two years later Rice was elected its first superior general. The brothers also reorganized their rule according, in part, to that of the Institute of the Brothers of the Christian Schools (founded by St. Jean-Baptiste de La Salle in France in 1680), becoming the Congregation of the Brothers of the Christian Schools of Ireland. However, the community in Cork rejected this reorganization and remained known as the Presentation Brothers.
By the time that ill health forced Rice to retire in 1838, other Christian Brothers communities had been founded in England and Australia. Many schools, colleges, and other institutions were founded by the Irish Christian Brothers throughout the world. In 1961 the Archdiocese of Dublin introduced the cause for Rice’s canonization as a saint. He was declared “Venerable” by Pope John Paul II in 1993 and was beatified by the same pope in 1996, granting him the title Blessed Edmund Ignatius Rice.