Fernão Mendes Pinto

Fernão Mendes Pinto (born c. 1510, Montemor-o-Velho, Port.—died July 8, 1583, Almada, near Lisbon) was a Portuguese adventurer and author of the Peregrinação (1614, “Peregrination”; Eng. trans. The Travels of Mendes Pinto), a literary masterpiece depicting the impression made on a European by Asian civilization, notably that of China, in the 16th century.

Pinto went to India in 1537 and later claimed to have travelled, fought, and traded in almost every part of Asia during the next 21 years and also to have experienced drastic reversals of fortune, having been made “13 times a prisoner and 17 a slave.” In China, for example, he was convicted of plundering royal tombs and, as punishment, had his thumbs severed and was sentenced to a year of hard labour on construction of the Great Wall. The Peregrinação was written after Pinto’s return to Portugal in 1558. He settled in Almada, married, and received a pension from King Philip. Pinto’s Peregrinação is of no geographic value, but it is of great interest as depicting the impression made on an intelligent Portuguese by the civilizations of the Far East and for its thinly veiled criticism of the behaviour of his compatriots in Asia. It became widely popular and went through a number of editions in the 17th century.