Quick Facts
Born:
January 3, 1996, Oxford, England (age 29)
Movies/Tv Shows (Acted In):
"The Commuter" (2018)
"Midsommar" (2019)
"Lady Macbeth" (2016)
"Fighting with My Family" (2019)
"Little Women" (2019)
"Malevolent" (2018)
"Outlaw King" (2018)
"Marcella" (2016)
"The Falling" (2014)
"Acting for a Cause" (2020)
"The Little Drummer Girl" (2018)

Florence Pugh (born January 3, 1996, Oxford, England) is an English actress who made a name for herself in the late 2010s with her wide-ranging and committed performances, particularly in the pastoral horror movie Midsommar and the critically acclaimed adaptation of Louisa May Alcott’s novel Little Women (both 2019). Pugh’s later notable films include the biopic Oppenheimer (2023) and the sci-fi drama Dune: Part 2 (2024). In addition, she played Yelena Belova in the movie Thunderbolts* (2025) and several other works in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) franchise.

Early life

Pugh is one of four children—two of whom also later became professional actors—born to a restaurateur father and dance-teacher mother. She developed tracheomalacia (a condition wherein the trachea slightly collapses during deep breathing and restricts airflow) as a child, and she was frequently hospitalized as a result. In an effort to improve her health, the family moved from Oxford, England, to the warmer climate of Spain when Pugh was three years old. They stayed there for three years before returning to England with her condition unimproved. The childhood illness would leave Pugh with a husky voice that became one of her on-screen trademarks during her acting career.

Acting career: Midsommar and Little Women

Pugh appeared in school plays as a child and also organized informal performances of her own design among her siblings and friends before making her professional acting debut at age 17 in the mystery film The Falling (2014). Her breakout came in 2016 with the lead role in Lady Macbeth, a dark 19th-century period drama: she portrayed a young wife who is stuck in an unhappy marriage to someone twice her age and escapes from her situation through an affair with a local workingman and a series of murders. Her performance drew rave reviews, and it led to roles in four films in 2018, notably a lead part in the Netflix movie Outlaw King, a historical drama about the medieval Scottish king Robert the Bruce; she played his second wife. That year also saw Pugh play the starring role in the acclaimed BBC television miniseries The Little Drummer Girl, an adaptation of a John le Carré novel that was directed by the South Korean thriller auteur Park Chan-Wook.

She began 2019 with a more comedic turn in Fighting with My Family, a lighthearted film about a real-world family of English professional wrestlers. Pugh followed that with the two films that vaulted her into movie stardom: Midsommar and Little Women. In the former she played a recently traumatized graduate student who joins her feckless boyfriend and other anthropology researchers on a visit to rural Sweden to observe a festival that occurs every 90 years. There the group encounters the horrifying folk traditions of the small village, all of which unnervingly take place during the perpetual daylight of the summer solstice near the Arctic Circle. The stylish film, written and directed by Ari Aster, was a solid box-office hit that also became a popular font for Internet memes, most of which prominently featured Pugh and further raised the actor’s profile. She then joined an ensemble featuring Saoirse Ronan, Emma Watson, Timothée Chalamet, and Laura Dern in Little Women. The film was a great critical and financial success, with particular praise for director and screenwriter Greta Gerwig’s nuanced treatment of the much-adapted classic text and for the movie’s many standout performances. It received six Academy Award nominations, which included Pugh’s first, for best supporting actress.

Don’t Worry Darling and Oppenheimer

Pugh then joined the blockbuster Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) franchise in Black Widow (2021), playing the adopted sister of Scarlett Johansson’s titular superhero. She returned to the role of Yelena Belova, a hardened assassin trained in spycraft since her youth, later that year in three episodes of the MCU streaming series Hawkeye. In 2022 she starred with pop star Harry Styles in Olivia Wilde’s Don’t Worry Darling, a sci-fi thriller and domestic drama that became better known for the off-screen turmoil and celebrity gossip surrounding its production than for the content of the film itself. That same year Pugh made her first foray into animation, providing the voice of Goldilocks in Puss in Boots: The Last Wish.

In 2023 Pugh joined another star-studded cast—including Cillian Murphy, Emily Blunt, Matt Damon, and Robert Downey, Jr.—for Christopher Nolan’s acclaimed retelling of the development of the atomic bomb, Oppenheimer. In it Pugh portrayed psychiatrist Jean Tatlock, a former lover of famed physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer whose communist sympathies later cause trouble for Oppenheimer while he works for the U.S. government during the Red Scare. The film was a blockbuster, and it won seven Academy Awards, including best picture.

Pugh had another box-office hit with Denis Villeneuve’s Dune: Part Two (2024), which was based on the epic sci-fi novel by Frank Herbert. The all-star cast included Timothée Chalamet, Zendaya, Austin Butler, and Javier Bardem. Later in 2024 Pugh starred with Andrew Garfield in We Live in Time, a romantic drama in which she played a chef who is diagnosed with terminal cancer. The following year she reprised the role of Yelena Belova in Thunderbolts*, about a group of antiheroes.

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Adam Augustyn The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Quick Facts
Born:
July 15, 1986, New York City, New York, U.S. (age 38)

Ari Aster (born July 15, 1986, New York City, New York, U.S.) is an American film director and screenwriter known for combining wrenching psychological drama with darkly humorous horror spectacle. He established his distinctive creative voice in a series of short films before reaching—and shocking—wider audiences with his feature-length debut, Hereditary (2018), followed a year later by Midsommar (2019).

Early life and education

Aster was born into a creative Jewish family in New York City. His mother, Bobbi Lurie, is a visual artist who later became a poet, and his father is a jazz drummer. He has one younger brother. Aster became enthralled by movies as a child and was especially encouraged in his interest by his mother, with whom he often went to see movies. From an early age he was drawn to horror movies as well as more mainstream films that include unsettling, supernatural elements, such as Roman Polanski’s Rosemary’s Baby (1968) and Nicolas Roeg’s Don’t Look Now (1973). When he was still young he and his family moved to Chester, in northwestern England, where his father opened a jazz club. They returned to the United States when Ari Aster was 10 years old, settling in Albuquerque, New Mexico.

As a teen, he dreamed of becoming a filmmaker, but, unlike directors such as Steven Spielberg and Paul Thomas Anderson, who in their teenage years enlisted friends to participate in making experimental films, the shy Aster settled for writing scripts by himself. After graduating high school, he attended the College of Santa Fe. There he received a B.A. in film (2008) and wrote film reviews for the Weekly Alibi, a local arts magazine, in his spare time. He later earned a fellowship to attend the American Film Institute Conservatory’s graduate directing program in Los Angeles.

During his time at the AFI Conservatory, Aster acquired the skills and confidence to bring his scripts to life as a director. His first listed directing credit is the 12-minute student film, Herman’s Cure-All Tonic (2008). In 2010 he earned an M.F.A. degree. His thesis film was a disturbing short film entitled The Strange Thing About the Johnsons (2011), about a son who sexually abuses his father.

Short films

Aster slowly honed his craft and built a reputation in movie circles by writing and directing short films and submitting them to film festivals. In 2011 he released the two-minute mock-advertisement TDF Really Works and Beau, an early version of an idea later realized in the feature Beau Is Afraid (2023). His fascination with the macabre and fraught family dynamics continued with his silent short horror film Munchausen (2013), which featured Bonnie Bedelia as a mother who prevents her son from leaving home for college. He cast Rachel Brosnahan in Basically (2014), a humorous monologue-driven short. Aster then released the darkly comic shorts The Turtle’s Head (2014) and C’est La Vie (2016) before venturing into longer projects.

Hollywood breakout: Hereditary and Midsommar

In 2018 Aster made a splash with his debut feature, Hereditary, a deeply unnerving psychological thriller about a family unraveling after a death. The film featured a bravura leading performance by Toni Collette as a grieving mother and was praised in The New York Times as a “visually ambitious and ruthlessly disturbing supernatural story that is also an intricate meditation on mourning.” With the release of Hereditary, critics began grouping Aster with other young directors, including Jordan Peele (Get Out [2017]) and Jennifer Kent (The Babadook [2014]), whose films effectively wedded horror’s shock value with artistically ambitious dramatic themes.

Following shortly on the heels of his triumphant debut, in 2019 Aster released Midsommar, a provocative horror movie about a group of Americans who visit an eerie rural community in Hälsingland, Sweden. Aster (very) loosely based the story on the Scandinavian festival of Midsummer and research he did about semi-mythical Viking and Germanic rituals, such as the blood eagle execution method. Midsommar was praised for its meticulous sets and costumes and, like Hereditary, for thrilling audiences with shocking, violent sequences and featuring a strong female lead performance, in this case by Florence Pugh.

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Beau Is Afraid and production company

In 2023 Aster released his third feature, Beau Is Afraid, a sprawling, nearly three-hour dark comedy starring Joaquin Phoenix as an anxious middle-aged man trying to return home after his mother’s death. Some critics admired the film’s ambition and elaborate, dreamlike sequences, but overall it received a tepid response. Aster, who variously described Beau Is Afraid as a “Freudian Odyssey and a “Jewish Lord of the Rings acknowledged that he had made a difficult, hard-to-classify movie but still expressed disappointment in its reception.

In 2019 Aster and Lars Knudsen founded a production company called Square Peg. In 2021 it was announced that Square Peg had signed a two-year first-look television deal with A24, the entertainment company that has released all of Aster’s films.

Michelle Castro Will Gosner