František Langer

František Langer (born March 3, 1888, Prague, Bohemia, Austria-Hungary [now in Czech Republic]—died Aug. 2, 1965, Prague, Czech.) was a physician and writer, one of the outstanding Czech dramatists of the interwar period.

Langer studied medicine in Prague and wrote a collection of short stories and a few plays before joining the Austrian army as a surgeon. Sent to the Galician front during World War I, he was taken prisoner by the Russians (1916) and subsequently joined the Czechoslovak Legion, which fought the Communists in the Russian Civil War. After the war, he served in the medical corps of the Czech army and continued his literary career. He was part of the literary scene in Prague, which included writers of Czech, German, and Jewish backgrounds, and was a member of the inner circle of intellectuals around the novelist and playwright Karel Čapek.

Langer achieved his greatest success with Velbloud uchem jehly (1923; The Camel Through the Needle’s Eye), a comedy about lower-class life. Periferie (1925; “The Outskirts”), a psychological drama, deals with a murderer who is frustrated in his attempts to be legally condemned. Of his later writing, only Jízdní hlídka (1935; “The Cavalry Watch”) compared with his earlier successes; it was based upon his experiences with the legion.

Langer went to England in 1939 and did not return to his home until after World War II; he retired from the army with the rank of general. The postwar Communist government did not allow him to publish new work until the late 1950s.