Hubert Beuve-Méry
Hubert Beuve-Méry (born Jan. 5, 1902, Paris—died Aug. 6, 1989, Fontainebleau, near Paris) was a French publisher and editor who directed Le Monde from the paper’s founding in 1944 until 1969. Under his direction, Le Monde became an independent, self-supporting, and highly prestigious daily with a large national and international readership.
From 1928 to 1939 Beuve-Méry was the director of the legal and economic section of the Institut Français in Prague; meanwhile, he served between 1935 and 1938 as diplomatic correspondent for the newspaper Le Temps. When Le Temps and other French papers failed to react against Adolf Hitler’s actions, Beuve-Méry was openly critical and gave up his post for Le Temps. During World War II he worked with the Resistance. In 1944 President Charles de Gaulle asked Beuve-Méry to create a national free press that would replace Le Temps, which had been suppressed for collaboration with the Nazis. For the guarantee of complete independence, Beuve-Méry accepted and founded Le Monde. For many years he wrote columns of commentary under the pen name “Sirius.” He became a critic of, among other issues, French foreign policy in regard to the United States, Indochina, and Algeria; as a result, Le Monde was itself suppressed on many occasions. Yet the newspaper under Beuve-Méry’s guidance gained a respected position in France and the world at large.
In addition to his work as a journalist, Beuve-Méry wrote a number of books, among them Vers la plus grande Allemagne (1939; “Toward a Greater Germany”), Réflexions politiques (1951; “Political Reflections”), Le Suicide de la IVe République (1958; “The Suicide of the Fourth Republic”), and Onze ans de règne: 1958–1969 (1974; “An Eleven-Year Reign: 1958–1969”).