Jessica Watkins
- In full:
- Jessica Andrea Watkins
- Born:
- May 14, 1988, Gaithersburg, Maryland, U.S.
- Also Known As:
- Jessica Andrea Watkins
Jessica Watkins (born May 14, 1988, Gaithersburg, Maryland, U.S.) is an American astronaut who spent six months aboard the International Space Station (ISS) in 2022 and has been chosen for the Artemis program, which will return Americans to the Moon in the mid-2020s. She was the first Black woman to spend a long-duration stay on the ISS.
In 2008 Watkins scored the try that won the national rugby championship for Stanford.
As a child, Watkins wanted to be an astronaut. When she entered Stanford University, she originally studied mechanical engineering, because she felt that that would be the best training for becoming an astronaut, but she switched to geology, because she found the study of other planetary surfaces more interesting. She received a bachelor’s degree in geology from Stanford in 2010. Five years later she earned a doctorate in geology from the University of California, Los Angeles, having written a thesis comparing landslides on Earth and Mars.
Watkins became a postdoctoral fellow at the California Institute of Technology and was on the science team that operated the Curiosity rover on Mars. In 2017 she was selected as a NASA astronaut and began two years of training. She lived for nine days in 2019 in the undersea Aquarius habitat off the coast of Florida as part of the NASA Extreme Environment Mission Operations (NEEMO) project, in which the habitat and the surrounding ocean simulate the space environment.
In 2020 Watkins was chosen for the group of 18 astronauts eligible to fly Artemis program missions, which are to return American astronauts to the Moon for the first time since 1972. On the Artemis III mission, scheduled for 2026, two astronauts are to land on the lunar surface. Those astronauts, whom NASA has said will be the first woman and the first person of color on the Moon, are to spend almost a week in the Moon’s south polar region.
Watkins’s first spaceflight was on the SpaceX Crew-4 mission, which launched from Cape Canaveral on April 27, 2022, to the ISS. She performed many experiments on the station, including growing crops in space without soil. After spending 170 days on the ISS, she returned to Earth on October 14.