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Marie E. Nyswander
American psychologist
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chemical dependency of opiate drugs
- In chemical dependency
Dole and psychiatrist Marie E. Nyswander, suggested that a chronic chemical dependency on opiates “induces a physiologic change at the cellular level that is permanent and not reversed by withdrawal of these agents.” Opiate-addicted individuals are often treated by maintaining them with the synthetic narcotic methadone in a…
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