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Key People

Karl Marx
German philosopher

David Hume
Scottish philosopher

Niccolò Machiavelli
Italian statesman and writer

Thucydides
Greek historian

Xenophon
Greek historian

Ibn Khaldūn
Muslim historian

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
German philosopher and mathematician

Tacitus
Roman historian

Alexis de Tocqueville
French historian and political writer

Edward Gibbon
British historian

Herodotus
Greek historian

Thomas Carlyle
British essayist and historian

Livy
Roman historian

Thomas Babington Macaulay, Baron Macaulay
English politician and author

Polybius
Greek historian

Hugo Grotius
Dutch statesman and scholar

Leopold von Ranke
German historian

Henry Adams
American historian

Bartolomé de Las Casas
Spanish historian and missionary

Theodor Mommsen
German historian, philologist, and legal scholar
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