open-hearth process

Table of Contents

Introduction References & Edit History Quick Facts & Related Topics

Images

Open-hearth furnace.

Discover

Chapter 4 pg 42 - Chapter header of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain. Published in 1884 by The American Publishing Company

Periods of American Literature

African Americans demonstrating for voting rights in front of the White House as police and others watch, March 12, 1965. One sign reads, "We demand the right to vote everywhere." Voting Rights Act, civil rights.

Timeline of the American Civil Rights Movement

Secret Service Agent Listens To Earpiece

Secret Service Code Names of 11 U.S. Presidents

The Lost Colony of Roanoke, North Carolina, where 115 people mysteriously disappeared c. 1590. John White discovers the word Croatoan carved onto a tree upon his return to the deserted Roanoke Colony in 1590

The Lost Colony of Roanoke

Remarkable new details of Pluto's largest moon Charon are revealed in this image from New Horizons' Long Range Reconnaissance Imager (LORRI), taken late on July 13, 2015 from a distance of 289,000 miles

Why Is Pluto No Longer a Planet?

earthquake. Heavily damaged school in the town of Yingxiu after a major earthquake struck China's Sichuan Province on May 12, 2008.

The 6 Deadliest Earthquakes Since 1950

King Cobra snake in Malaysia. (reptile)

9 of the World’s Deadliest Snakes

open-hearth process: Facts & Related Content

Written and fact-checked by The Information Architects of Encyclopaedia Britannica

Facts

Also Known As	Siemens-Martin process

Photos

Open-hearth furnace.

See All Images →

Topics

open-hearth furnace Bessemer process crucible process tool steel wootz (steel)

Key People

Sir William Siemens, engraving after a portrait by Rudolf Lehmann

Sir William Siemens

British inventor

Pierre-Émile Martin.

Pierre-Émile Martin

French engineer

John Fritz

American authority on iron and steel