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Australia
Table of Contents
References & Edit History Facts & Stats
Images, Videos & Interactives
Australia Map showing the country of Australia divided into its states and territories with major cities and surrounding bodies of water, including the Indian Ocean, Coral Sea, Tasman Sea, and Pacific Ocean. Uluru/Ayers Rock, Northern Territory, Australia Australia Dove Lake, Tasmania, Australia Great Barrier Reef MacDonnell Ranges, Northern Territory, Australia Cradle Mountain, Tasmania, Australia Hamersley Range, Western Australia
For Students
Australia summary
Quizzes
Flags of all countries of the world. Flags of the world. National flags. Country flags. Hompepage blog 2009, history and society, geography and travel, explore discovery
The Country Quiz
7:023 Geography: Think of Something Big, globe showing Africa, Europe, and Eurasia
Which Country Is Larger By Area? Quiz
Flags of the world against blue sky. Countries, International. Globalization, global relations, Australia, Canada, United Kingdom, Poland, Palestine, Japan. Homepage 2010, arts and entertainment, history and society
Which Country Is Larger By Population? Quiz
Flags of all nations of the world. Grouping of various country flags on a world map.
Which Country Is Larger? Quiz
Opened passport with visas, stamps, seals, world map. (travel, tourism)
Guess the Country by Its Neighbors Quiz
Read Next
The fierce snake (also known as the inland taipan, western taipan and Oxyuranus microlepidotus) is the most venomous snake in the world.
How Deadly Are Australia’s Animals?
Flag of Australia
Add These 18 Paintings as Must-Sees During Your Next Trip to Australia
World Data Locator Map: Australia
Is Australia an Island?
poem. A poet in a Heian period kimono writes Japanese poetry during the Kamo Kyokusui No En Ancient Festival at Jonan-gu shrine on April 29, 2013 in Kyoto, Japan. Festival of Kyokusui-no Utage orignated in 1,182, party Heian era (794-1192).
World Poetry Day
Discover
Diverse elementary school children wearing school uniforms running outside of school. Boys girls
Pro and Con: School Uniforms
An ancient egyptian hieroglyphic painted carving showing the falcon headed god Horus seated on a throne and holding a golden fly whisk. Before him are the Pharoah Seti and the goddess Isis. Interior wall of the temple to Osiris at Abydos, Egypt.
11 Egyptian Gods and Goddesses
Mayer Amschel Rothschild (1744-1855), founder of the house of Rothschild; lithograph by Friedrich Lieder, c. 1830.
Where Do Anti-Semitic Conspiracy Theories About the Rothschild Family Come From?
The Cheshire Cat is a fictional cat from Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. (Alice in Wonderland)
11 Banned Books Through Time
Super Typhoon Noru over the western tropical Pacific Ocean as observed by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on NASA Aqua satellite July 31 2017
What Is the Difference Between a Typhoon and a Super Typhoon?
Santa Claus flying in his sleigh, christmas, reindeer
Was Santa Claus a Real Person?
Baseball laying in the grass. Homepage blog 2010, arts and entertainment, history and society, sports and games athletics
10 Greatest Baseball Players of All Time

Australia: Media

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Videos

Explore the Outback of Australia
Overview of the Australian Outback.
Video: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
See the University of Melbourne's Medical Museum and learn about venomous animals, particularly snakes and jellyfish, and the development of antivenins
A discussion of venomous animals—particularly snakes and jellyfish—in Australia and...
Video: © University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (A Britannica Publishing Partner)
Distinctive features of Australia's Indigenous languages
A discussion of the languages of Indigenous Australians.
Video: © University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (A Britannica Publishing Partner)
Take a guided tour of the Australian Outback, visiting the Undara lava tubes, Cobbold Gorge, and Agate Creek
Learn about natural features of the Outback in Queensland, Australia.
Video: © Fun Travel TV (A Britannica Publishing Partner)
Know about the disastrous Gallipoli Campaign and the role of ANZAC troops in the battles of World War I
An overview of the 1915–16 Gallipoli Campaign of World War I, with a focus on ANZAC...
Video: © Behind the News (A Britannica Publishing Partner)
Learn about the Japanese bombing of the city of Darwin and Australia's participation in World War II
Learn about the February 19, 1942, Japanese bombing of the Australian city of Darwin,...
Video: © Behind the News (A Britannica Publishing Partner)
Know the achievements of Australian Prime Minister Malcolm Fraser (1975–83)
Examine the impact Malcolm Fraser made as prime minister of Australia (1975–83).
Video: © Behind the News (A Britannica Publishing Partner)
Know about Australia's involvement in the Vietnam War and the Battle of Long Tan
Learn about Australia's involvement in the Vietnam War.
Video: © Behind the News (A Britannica Publishing Partner)
Learn about Mabo Day, commemorating a historic court decision recognizing the land rights of Aboriginal peoples and Torres Strait Islander peoples
A discussion of Mabo Day, celebrated on June 3, which commemorates Torres Strait...
Video: © Behind the News (A Britannica Publishing Partner)
Listen to a parliamentary motion offering an apology to Australia's Indigenous peoples
Prime Minister Kevin Rudd on February 13, 2008, delivering a formal apology from...
Video: Parliament of Australia, Department of Parliamentary Services
Take an equestrian tour of the vineyards and wineries of the Mornington Peninsula, Victoria, Australia
A horseback tour of the wineries of Mornington Peninsula, Victoria, Australia.
Video: © Fun Travel TV (A Britannica Publishing Partner)
Find out how “Advance Australia Fair” and not “Waltzing Matilda” became Australia's national anthem
Learn how “Advance Australia Fair,” and not Banjo Paterson's “Waltzing Matilda,”...
Video: © University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (A Britannica Publishing Partner)
Experience the scenic beauty of the Blue Mountains in New South Wales, Australia
Time-lapse video of the Blue Mountains, New South Wales, Australia.
Video: Konstantin Basov (A Britannica Publishing Partner)
Take a guided tour and experience the tropical savannahs of northern Australia
Ecotourism amid the tropical savannahs of northern Australia.
Video: © Fun Travel TV (A Britannica Publishing Partner)
Explore the Cape York Peninsula of Queensland, Australia, from Cairns to the tip of Australia
An expedition through the Cape York Peninsula of Queensland, Australia, from Cairns...
Video: © Fun Travel TV (A Britannica Publishing Partner)
Hear associate professor Ray Green explain the need to protect and preserve the character of Victoria's Aireys Inlet and other coastal communities
Learn about protecting the character of Aireys Inlet and other coastal communities...
Video: © University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (A Britannica Publishing Partner)
Explore the biodiversity of Heron Island
A trip to Heron Island, a cay at the southern end of the Great Barrier Reef, off...
Video: © Fun Travel TV (A Britannica Publishing Partner)
Discovering Australia's Kakadu National Park
Overview of Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory, Australia.
Video: Contunico © ZDF Studios GmbH, Mainz; Thumbnail © Ecophoto/Dreamstime.com
Understand how music therapy is helping young children in Australian elementary schools to deal with grief, loss and other behavioral and emotional disorders
Learn about a therapeutic program of music instruction in Australian elementary schools.
Video: © University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (A Britannica Publishing Partner)
Learn about efforts to preserve Australia's Aboriginal languages, especially Yawuru
An overview of efforts to preserve Indigenous languages in Australia, with a focus...
Video: © Behind the News (A Britannica Publishing Partner)
Know about a research study on interracial mingling undertaken by the University of Melbourne School of Population and Global Health
A discussion of race relations in Australia.
Video: © University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (A Britannica Publishing Partner)
Explore the city of Sydney and the annual Vivid Sydney festival
Time-lapse video of Sydney, including footage of the annual Vivid Sydney, a light...
Video: Konstantin Basov; music by Electrocatalysis (A Britannica Publishing Partner)
Take a tour of Cooktown in Australia and learn about the history and culture of the local Aboriginal people
A tour of the area around Cooktown in the Australian state of Queensland, including...
Video: © Fun Travel TV (A Britannica Publishing Partner)
A journey around Australia's sacred Uluru
Overview of Uluru/Ayers Rock, Northern Territory, Australia.
Video: Contunico © ZDF Studios GmbH, Mainz
Know about the water management crisis in Australia including the development of a mathematical system to get a complete water balance
Learn about the water management crisis in Australia.
Video: © University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (A Britannica Publishing Partner)
Experience wakeboarding on the Sunshine Coast of Queensland, Australia
Learn about water-sports tourism on the Sunshine Coast of Queensland, Australia.
Video: © Fun Travel TV (A Britannica Publishing Partner)
Learn how the world is divided into continents
The distribution of the seven continents.
Video: Created and produced by QA International. © QA International, 2010. All rights reserved. www.qa-international.com

Images

Australia
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Australia
Map of Australia showing states, territories, and major cities.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Uluru/Ayers Rock, Northern Territory, Australia
Uluru/Ayers Rock, Uluru–Kata Tjuta National Park, southwestern Northern Territory,...
Paul Steel/Photo Index
Australia
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Dove Lake, Tasmania, Australia
Dove Lake in Cradle Mountain–Lake St. Clair National Park, Tasmania, Australia.
© keiichihiki—iStock/Getty Images
Great Barrier Reef
The Great Barrier Reef, off the coast of Queensland, Australia.
© tororo reaction/Fotolia
MacDonnell Ranges, Northern Territory, Australia
MacDonnell Ranges, Northern Territory, Australia.
http://www.touristmaker.com/australia/northern-territory/
Cradle Mountain, Tasmania, Australia
Cradle Mountain, Tasmania, Australia.
© Vonviper/Dreamstime.com
Hamersley Range, Western Australia
Hamersley Range in the Pilbara region of the Australian Shield, in Western Australia.
Richard Woldendorp/Photo Index
Cobar, New South Wales, Australia
Mine in Cobar, New South Wales, Australia.
Axel Strauss
Glass House Mountains, Queensland, Australia
Glass House Mountains near Maleny, Queensland, Australia.
© Dale Lorna Jacobsen/Shutterstock.com
King Leopold Ranges, Western Australia
King Leopold Ranges in the Kimberley region of Western Australia.
Richard Woldendorp/Photo Index
Uluru/Ayers Rock, Northern Territory, Australia
The northwestern face of Uluru/Ayers Rock, southwestern Northern Territory, central...
© Goodshoot/Jupiterimages
Physical features of Australia
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Three Sisters, Blue Mountains, New South Wales, Australia
Three Sisters in the Blue Mountains, New South Wales, Australia.
David Johnson
Great Barrier Reef
School of fish in the Great Barrier Reef, off the coast of Queensland, Australia.
© StrangerView/Fotolia
Physiographic regions of Australia
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
the Pinnacles, Western Australia
The Pinnacles, limestone formations in Nambung National Park, in Western Australia.
© Alexander/stock.adobe.com
River Derwent
River Derwent, Tasmania, Australia.
Sge
Bluff Knoll, Western Australia
Bluff Knoll area in the Stirling Range, southwestern Western Australia.
© beau/Fotolia
Darling Range, Perth, Western Australia
Darling Range, Perth, Western Australia.
SeanMack
Great Victoria Desert, Australia
Great Victoria Desert, Australia.
© N Mrtgh/Shutterstock.com
Murray River, Corowa, New South Wales, Australia
Murray River at Corowa, New South Wales, Australia.
© Southern Lightscapes–Australia—Moment/Getty Images
Torrens River, Adelaide, South Australia
Parklands along the Torrens River, Adelaide, South Australia.
Picturepoint, London
Murray River, South Australia
Murray River, South Australia.
© Clearviewstock/Dreamstime.com
Great Barrier Reef
Aerial view of the Great Barrier Reef, off the northeastern coast of Australia.
© cool chap/Fotolia
Australia: soil groups
Distribution of Australian soil groups as classified by the Food and Agriculture...
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Mount Kosciuszko, New South Wales, Australia
Icy slopes of Mount Kosciuszko in winter, New South Wales, Australia.
Mass Ave 975
Australia: major climate regions
Australia is mainly a compact tropical and near-tropical continent. No major arms...
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Ubirr Rock, Northern Territory, Australia
Rock outcrops at Ubirr Rock in Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory, Australia.
© Daniela/stock.adobe.com
Kinglake, Victoria, after the Australian bushfires of 2009
Ravaged landscape in the township of Kinglake, Victoria, Australia, following the...
Luis Ascui/Getty Images
Victoria, Australia: scrubland
Eucalyptus scrubland near Mallee, Victoria, Australia.
Copyright Hans & Judy Beste/Ardea London
Queensland, Australia: tropical rainforest
Tropical rainforest vegetation, Queensland, Australia.
© Goodshoot/Jupiterimages
grass tree
Flowering grass trees (Xanthorrhoea), common vegetation of the Big Desert,...
© Hans Reinhard/OKAPIA/Photo Researchers
Female kangaroo with joey
Female kangaroo with joey in pouch.
© redleg/Fotolia
red-barred dragon
Red-barred dragon (Ctenophorus vadnappa) in the Flinders Ranges, Australia.
© photosbyash—iStock/Getty Images
koala
Koala and joey in a eucalyptus tree in Australia.
Benjamint444
tiger snake
Tiger snake (Notechis).
Ian W. Fieggen
platypus
Platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus).
© Hans and Judy Besage—Mary Evans Picture Library Ltd/age fotostock
Kylie Kwong
Kylie Kwong, an Australian celebrity chef of Chinese heritage, performing a cooking...
© Damithri/Dreamstime.com
labourer cutting sugarcane
Italian immigrant cutting sugarcane in Bundaberg, Queensland, Australia, 1952.
Virtual Museum of Italian Immigration in the Illawarra; used with permission of ITSOWEL
Aboriginal rights demonstration
Civil rights activist Faith Bandler (far right) protesting discrimination against...
Courtesy of AIATSIS (collection no. N04612_12)
Student Action for Aborigines freedom ride
Members of the Student Action for Aborigines organization from the University of...
Courtesy of AIATSIS; creator, Wendy Golding (collection item no. D00025205)
Aboriginal stockmen
Aboriginal stockmen taking a break from work on a cattle station in Wyndham, Western...
National Archives of Australia: A1200, L11712
Lambing Flat Riots
Lambing Flat Riots, section from the scroll Harvest of Endurance, 1988.
National Museum of Australia
White Australia policy song
Sheet music for “White Australia (Australia the White Man's Land),” composed by W.E....
Composer: W. E. Naunton, Composer: H. J. W. Gyles Museums Victoria
The New Australian
The New Australian, January 1929, publication of the Big Brother Movement,...
National Archives of Australia: A1, 1932/7662
Australian citizenship ceremony
Immigrants attending an Australian citizenship ceremony during the 1950s.
Virtual Museum of Italian Immigration in the Illawarra; used with permission of ITSOWEL
Snowy Mountains Hydro-Electric Scheme, New South Wales, Australia
Immigrants working in a tunnel as part of the Snowy Mountains Hydro-Electric Scheme,...
National Archives of Australia: A12111, 1/1960/16/70
multicultural Australia
Australian children reading in school.
© IPGGutenbergUKLtd/iStock.com
Sydney
Sydney, Australia.
© Digital Vision/Getty Images
Canberra: Old Parliament House
Old Parliament House (centre background) from the steps of the Australian National...
© Xufang/Shutterstock.com
deforestation in Australia
Riverside deforestation in Australia.
© terrasprite—iStock/Getty Images
Merino rams
Merino rams.
© Corbis
iron mine, Pilbara, Western Australia
Iron ore mine at Mount Newman (Ophthalmia Range) in Pilbara, Western Australia.
Courtesy of the Australian Information Service
Nobles Nob gold mine, Northern Territory, Australia
Aerial view of the Nobles Nob gold mine, Northern Territory, Australia.
age fotostock/SuperStock
opal mining: Coober Pedy, South Australia
Opal mining at Coober Pedy, South Australia.
© SATC/Milton Wordley
Sydney Mint
Sydney Mint.
© Michael Hynes
Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory, Australia
A small lake in Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory, Australia.
© Corbis
Circular Quay, Sydney
Circular Quay, Sydney.
© Michael Hynes
Australia: referendum voting recommendation
Recommendation from the NO More Politicians Committee on how to vote on two questions...
Museums Victoria
Australian bush food
Traditional foods from Australia's Outback, called “bush food.”
Courtesy of AIATSIS (collection item no. 000125299)
Vegemite
Vegemite being spread on a slice of toast.
Jay Bray/Alamy
Kings of disco
The Bee Gees, 1996.
Lou72JG
AC/DC
The Australian heavy metal band AC/DC was among the most popular stadium performers...
Imhavingfun42
Aboriginal rock art, Northern Territory, Australia
Aboriginal rock art at Nourlangie Rock in Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory,...
© Roberto Pecci/Dreamstime.com
the Dreaming; cave painting, Northern Territory, Australia
Cave painting from Northern Territory, Australia, of a spirit figure associated with...
Courtesy of AIATSIS; creator, Robert Edwards (collection no. N07706_07)
rock art, Northern Territory, Australia
Rock art depicting a ketch-rigged European ship, Northern Territory, Australia.
Courtesy of AIATSIS (collection no. 73749)
dilly bag; Aboriginal Australian art, Northern Territory, Australia
An Aboriginal Australian decorating a tightly woven dilly bag with white, yellow,...
Frank M. Setzler, National Library of Australia, nla.obj-142224944
Sydney Opera House
Sydney Opera House.
© Digital Vision/Getty Images
Rachel Roberts
Rachel Roberts in Picnic at Hanging Rock (1975), directed by Peter Weir....
British Empire Films Australia
Sydney Opera House and Harbour Bridge
The Sydney Opera House and Harbour Bridge, Port Jackson (Sydney Harbour).
David Johnson
Cathy Freeman
Australian sprinter Cathy Freeman taking a victory lap at the Olympic Games in Sydney,...
Reuters/Alamy
The Duyfken off Australia, 1606
The Duyfken off Australia, 1606, oil on canvas by Robert Ingpen, 2011.
Robert Ingpen, National Library of Australia, nla.obj-138210565
Natives Opposing Captain Cook's Landing
Natives Opposing Captain Cook's Landing, lithograph by W. (William) MacLeod,...
National Library of Australia, nla.obj-145314525
convict labour in Australia
Depiction of convict labourers in Port Arthur, Tasmania, Australia, in 1836, from...
J.W. Beattie, National Library of Australia, nla.obj-140386630
convict uniform
Example of a uniform worn by convicts in Van Diemen's Land (now Tasmania), Australia,...
National Library of Australia, nla.obj-139411772
Port Arthur ruins, Tasmania, Australia
Ruins of the Port Arthur penal colony, Tasmania, Australia.
© Steve Lovegrove/Dreamstime.com
overlanders attacking Australian Aboriginal people
Overlanders (cattle drovers) attacking Australian Aboriginal people, drawing by George...
George Hamilton, State Library of New South Wales, Mitchell Library, V/89
Australia and New Zealand Army Corps troops
Australia and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC) troops setting up camps on the Gallipoli...
GrahamBould
Lord Gowrie launching HMAS Arunta
Lord Gowrie, the governor-general of Australia, saluting the naval guard of honour...
Courtesy Australian War Memorial
“Rats of Tobruk”
Australian soldiers during World War II standing with a Bren gun on which are painted...
Courtesy Australian War Memorial
World War II pre-surrender discussions
Australian and Japanese military officers meeting onboard HMAS Vendetta...
Courtesy Australian War Memorial
Australian immigration
A crowd in Southampton listening to philanthropist Caroline Chisholm speak as the...
© Photos.com /Thinkstock
Australia: referendum recommendation
A leaflet urging Australians to vote “yes” in the referendum of May 27, 1967, which...
National Library of Australia, nla.obj-136875607
Australian bushfires of 2009
Firefighter sharing his water with an injured koala at Mirboo North, Victoria, Australia,...
Mark Pardew/AP
location and extent of the Australian bushfires of 2009
Location and extent of the 2009 bushfires in Victoria, Australia.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Malcolm Turnbull (left)
Malcolm Turnbull (left) being sworn in as prime minister of Australia by the governor-general,...
Lukas Coch/AP Images
Scott Morrison
Scott Morrison.
Clrdms
Anthony Albanese
Anthony Albanese (centre, holding dog) celebrating following the Australian Labor...
Dean Lewins—EPA-EFE/Shutterstock.com
Australian Aboriginal warrior
An Australian Aboriginal warrior preparing to throw a boomerang.
©Rafael Ben-Ari/Fototlia
playing a didjeridu
An Australian Aboriginal person playing a didjeridu.
© Grant Faint—Photodisc/Getty Images
Huon River
Huon River, Tasmania, Australia.
Jakal
Tamar, River
River Tamar, northern Tasmania, Australia.
Kyle
The Twelve Apostles, southwestern Victoria, Australia.
© Lisa Lubin - www.llworldtour.com (A Britannica Publishing Partner)
Earth
The planet Earth, as photographed from the Galileo spacecraft during its December...
NASA/JPL
climate stripes
Climate stripes showing the temperature changes in Australia from 1888 to 2022.
© Professor Ed Hawkins/University of Reading (https://showyourstripes.info/)
Australian Capital Territory
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
continental drift
The location of Earth's continents at various times between 225 million years ago...
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Australian federal election of 2007
Results of the 2007 election for the Australian House of Representatives.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
earthquake epicentres
Global seismic centres for earthquakes of magnitude 5.5 and greater occurring between...
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
hominid fossil excavation sites
The earliest fossils of human ancestors have been found in Africa.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
locations of plague outbreaks in the 1800s and early 1900s
A map showing the locations of plague outbreaks in the 1800s and early 1900s.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
New South Wales
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
New South Wales.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Northern Territory
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Queensland
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
South Australia
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Western Australia
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Australian federal election of 2010
Results of the 2010 election for the Australian House of Representatives.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
map
The global distribution of human skin colour is a well-defined example of genetic...
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Soils of Australia, distribution of soil groups as classified by the Food and Agriculture...
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Wind and rainfall patterns of the Australian monsoon.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
world map
Map identifying the world's continents.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Australia
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.

Audio

“Advance Australia Fair”
The national anthem of Australia, “Advance Australia Fair”; performed by the Australian...

Interactives

Australia: Ethnic composition
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Australia: Foreign-born population
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Australia: Religious affiliation
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Australia: Age breakdown
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Australia: Urban-rural
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Population density of Australia
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Australia: Renewable energy by source
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Australia: Major import sources
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Australia: Major export destinations
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Australia: states, territories, and capitals
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc./Kenny Chmielewski
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