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Kaiping coal mines
mines, China
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Qing dynasty industrialization
- In China: Industrialization for self-strengthening
…Steam Navigation Company and the Kaiping coal mines. These enterprises were sponsored by high provincial officials—the central figure was Li Hongzhang—but their management was left to joint operation by shareholders’ representatives and the lower officials appointed by the sponsors.
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Tangshan
- In Tangshan: History
The first shaft of the mine at Kaiping (Tangshan) was begun in 1879. The coal was taken by horse tramway to Xugezhuang (now Fengnan), 7 miles (11 km) away, whence it was carried by canal to Ninghe (Lutai) on the Jiyun River and thence shipped to a depot near Tianjin.
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