Administration and society
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Government
Las Vegas operates on a council-manager system. The city manager is responsible for the daily operations of government and administration. The city council comprises seven members, including six members elected by ward as well as the mayor, who presides over the council. All serve four-year terms. The council and the city manager’s office oversee a number of commissions and boards.
Municipal services and health
Responsibility for providing a range of services to the citizenry is shared by the city, the board of supervisors for Clark county, and the governments of nearby municipalities. Las Vegas maintains an airport and road authority, a municipal court system, police and fire departments, waste-management operations, water treatment and delivery facilities, public parks, and public libraries. The city’s municipal park system expanded rapidly in the late 1990s to include such new facilities as Children’s Memorial Park, northwest of downtown, and Heritage Park, which adjoins the Las Vegas Natural History Museum.
The most important component of the region’s infrastructure is its water supply, and water availability is the largest single variable affecting Las Vegas’s sustainability and future growth. Groundwater long constituted the water supply when agriculture accounted for most regional water use. However, urban water demand rose dramatically with the rapid and sustained growth of Las Vegas after 1950, and planners turned to the vast resources of Lake Mead to provide the additional water. The massive Southern Nevada (now Robert B. Griffith) Water Project, funded jointly by the federal and state governments and built between 1968 and the early 1980s (with subsequent expansion), is a complex of distribution and treatment facilities that draws from Lake Mead and now supplies the bulk of regional water needs. The federal government transferred control of the project in 2001 to the state-operated Southern Nevada Water Authority.
About a dozen hospitals serve the Las Vegas metropolitan area. The University Medical Center of Southern Nevada, part of the University of Nevada system, is a teaching hospital with an emphasis on pulmonary and cardiac disease; it has grown to national prominence in neurosurgery and neurology and maintains the state’s major facility for treating burn victims. Several private institutions offer general medical care and maintain specialized units that treat diabetes, kidney diseases, sleep disorders, and other maladies.
Education
Although the Clark county public school system—one of the largest in the country—is held to be good overall, its high schools have an unusually high dropout rate by national standards, and the proportion of high school graduates who enroll in universities and colleges is one of the lowest in the country. Federal and state funding policies have encouraged the development of private schools as alternatives to the public schools.
Higher education in the Las Vegas area centres on the two-year Community College of Southern Nevada, which has several regional campuses, and the four-year University of Nevada, Las Vegas (1957). College tuition costs for state residents are among the lowest in the West.