pronotum

…by a dorsal plate, the pronotum. The body covering (exoskeleton) varies from very horny and rigid to soft and flexible, but it usually consists of hard plates (sclerites) separated by flexible membranes.

…are named for the enlarged pronotum (dorsal surface of the prothorax), which typically extends to the abdomen. Most shield-backed katydids are from about 18 to 50 mm (0.7 to 2 inches) in length and are brown or black in colour; a few species are green. Most species have short wings,…

In treehoppers the pronotum (the dorsal sclerite of the prothorax) often is so different in shape and size between the two sexes that they appear to be two species. Examples of this are Umbonia crassicornis and Philya inflata. Among scale insects most females lack wings, legs, and antennae,…