hashish, hallucinogenic drug preparation derived from the resin secreted by the flowering tops of cultivated female plants of the genus Cannabis. More loosely, in Arabic-speaking countries the term may denote a preparation made from any of various parts of cannabis plants—such as the leaves or

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Diagnosis and treatment: …variation in a gene called KIFAP3 that appears to slow the rate of progression of the disease. In fact, in those persons with ALS who carry this genetic variant, survival may be extended by as much as 40–50 percent.

World War I: The Turkish fronts, 1918: …meanwhile, the British had taken Kifrī, north of the Diyālā left-bank tributary of the Tigris, in January 1918, and Khān al-Baghdāẖī, up the Euphrates, in March. Pressing northward from Kifrī, they took Kirkūk in May but soon evacuated it.

African art: Luba cultural area: …group is known for its kifwebe masks, which combine human and animal features painted in red, black, and white.

Kigali, city and capital of Rwanda. It is located in the centre of the country on the Ruganwa River. Kigali was a trade centre (after 1895) during the German colonial administration and became a regional centre during the Belgian colonial period (1919–62). It became the capital upon Rwanda’s

sausage tree, (Kigelia africana), tropical tree, the only species of its genus (family Bignoniaceae). It grows 6 to 12 metres (20 to 40 feet) tall and bears sausagelike fruits, 30 to 60 cm (1 to 2 feet) long, which hang down on long, cordlike stalks. It is native to Africa. The tree’s flowers,

Dōgen was a leading Japanese Buddhist during the Kamakura period (1192–1333), who introduced Zen to Japan in the form of the Sōtō school (Chinese: Ts’ao-tung). A creative personality, he combined meditative practice and philosophical speculation. Dōgen was born into a family of the court nobility

eastern Africa: Rwanda and Buganda: …under its mwami, or ruler, Kigeri IV (who reorganized its military forces) it extended its control by raiding to the north.

eastern Africa: Rwanda and Buganda: …under its mwami, or ruler, Kigeri IV (who reorganized its military forces) it extended its control by raiding to the north.

eastern Africa: Rwanda and Buganda: …under its mwami, or ruler, Kigeri IV (who reorganized its military forces) it extended its control by raiding to the north.

East African mountains: Tourism: …of the Virunga Mountains, the Kigezi Gorilla Game Reserve is situated on the northern slopes of Mounts Muhavura and Mgahinga (Gahinga). In the Rwanda and Congo portions of the Virunga Mountains, gorillas are protected, respectively, in the Volcanoes National Park and the Virunga National Park.

Seward Peninsula: …point is found in the Kigluaik Mountains, which reach 4,714 feet (1,437 metres) in the southwestern part of the peninsula. The peninsula’s western tip, Cape Prince of Wales on the Bering Strait, is the westernmost point of the North American continent; it lies some 15 miles (25 km) from the…

zaibatsu: …into what became known as enterprise groups (kigyō shūdan). Those created with companies that were formerly part of the big zaibatsu—Mitsubishi group, Mitsui group, and Sumitomo group (qq.v.)—were more loosely organized around leading companies or major banks; they differed most significantly from the old, centrally controlled zaibatsu in the informal…

Miyagawa Chōshun was a Japanese painter of the ukiyo-e style of popular, colourful art based on everyday life. He was the founder of the Miyagawa school of painting. Chōshun went to Edo about 1700 and fell under the influence of the works of Hishikawa Moronobu (d. c. 1694), who established the

Yamagata Aritomo: Early career: …chosen commanding officer of the Kiheitai, the best-known of the irregular troop units formed by the revolutionaries in Chōshū. He was wounded while serving during the Shimonoseki Incident in 1864—the bombardment of Chōshū by an allied fleet of Western powers that destroyed Japanese defenses. The defeat opened Yamagata’s eyes to…

Kii Peninsula: …peninsula is composed of the Kii Range, whose mountains end abruptly on the north in a fault scarp that commands the valleys of the Kushida River and the Kino River. In general, the mountains are of strong relief, being broken by deep valleys, sharp ridges, and steep declivities. High elevation…

Kii Peninsula, peninsula of southern Honshu, Japan, facing the Pacific Ocean (east and south) and the Kii Strait and the Inland Sea (west). The peninsula is composed of the Kii Range, whose mountains end abruptly on the north in a fault scarp that commands the valleys of the Kushida River and the

Kii Peninsula: …peninsula is composed of the Kii Range, whose mountains end abruptly on the north in a fault scarp that commands the valleys of the Kushida River and the Kino River. In general, the mountains are of strong relief, being broken by deep valleys, sharp ridges, and steep declivities. High elevation…

Kii Peninsula, peninsula of southern Honshu, Japan, facing the Pacific Ocean (east and south) and the Kii Strait and the Inland Sea (west). The peninsula is composed of the Kii Range, whose mountains end abruptly on the north in a fault scarp that commands the valleys of the Kushida River and the

Finnish literature: The early 20th century: …of left-wing writers known as Kiila (“The Wedge”) was formed, most of their important work appearing after the war (e.g., Elvi Sinervo’s novel Viljami Vaihdokas [1946]). Haanpää’s work also expressed left-wing ideas, as did that of the period’s most notable dramatist, Hella Wuolijoki, who collaborated in 1940 and 1941 with…

Salva Kiir Mayardit is a southern Sudanese rebel leader who in 2011 became the first president of the newly independent country of South Sudan. He had served as president of the semiautonomous region of southern Sudan while simultaneously holding the position of first vice president in the Sudanese

Jinja: A second dam, Kiira, was later constructed about 0.6 mile (1 km) from Nalubaale. It was completed in 1999 and began producing hydroelectric power the next year. Industries include the first steel-rolling mill of eastern Africa, a copper smeltery, plywood and tobacco factories, and a grain-conditioning plant. Nearby…

Kija, legendary Korean king of Chinese origin whose arrival in Korea with 5,000 rice- and barley-bearing refugees reputedly introduced Chinese civilization (and these new grains) to the Korean people. The band allegedly had fled China in 1111 bc, refusing to serve the new Chou-dynasty ruler who had

pheasant: The green pheasant, or kiji (P. versicolor), of Japan, is mainly metallic green. It is sensitive to earth tremors not felt by humans and calls in concert when a quake impends.

Kodiak Island, island, southern Alaska, U.S. It lies in the Gulf of Alaska and is separated from the Alaska Peninsula by Shelikof Strait, 30 miles (50 km) off the Alaskan coast and some 250 miles (400 km) southwest of Anchorage. The largest Alaskan island (and the second largest island in the

Kiki de Montparnasse was a French cabaret performer, painter, and artists’ muse who acquired her nickname for being a fixture in the bohemian circles of the Montparnasse neighbourhood in Paris. She modeled for numerous artists such as Amedeo Modigliani, Man Ray, and Alexander Calder. Prin was born

talent: The Hebrew talent, or kikkār, probably of Babylonian origin, was the basic unit of weight among the ancient Hebrews. In the sacred system of weights, the Talmudic talent was equal to 60 Talmudic minas.

Cyclades, group of about 30 islands, South Aegean (Modern Greek: Nótio Aigaío) periféreia (region), southeastern Greece. The islands made up the nomós (department) of Cyclades until 2011 when local government in Greece was restructured and the islands were divided among nine of the new

kikli, dance performed by girls and young women in northern India and Pakistan. Dancers, in pairs, clasp hands over crossed arms and stretch backward and whirl. The dance is charged with energy and fast rhythms and is often accompanied by traditional rhyming

Kongo language, a Bantu language of the Benue-Congo branch of the Niger-Congo language family. Kongo is related to Swahili, Shona, and Bembe, among others. Kikongo is the name used by its speakers. There are many dialects of Kongo; San Salvador Kongo, spoken in Congo (Kinshasa) and Angola, has more

Kikongo-Kituba, according to some linguists, a creole language of Central Africa that evolved out of the contact between Kikongo-Kimanyanga and other Bantu languages in western Democratic Republic of the Congo and southern Republic of the Congo. Kimanyanga is the Kikongo dialect of Manyanga, which

Kikongo-Kituba, according to some linguists, a creole language of Central Africa that evolved out of the contact between Kikongo-Kimanyanga and other Bantu languages in western Democratic Republic of the Congo and southern Republic of the Congo. Kimanyanga is the Kikongo dialect of Manyanga, which

Kikongo-Kituba, according to some linguists, a creole language of Central Africa that evolved out of the contact between Kikongo-Kimanyanga and other Bantu languages in western Democratic Republic of the Congo and southern Republic of the Congo. Kimanyanga is the Kikongo dialect of Manyanga, which

Kikongo-Kituba, according to some linguists, a creole language of Central Africa that evolved out of the contact between Kikongo-Kimanyanga and other Bantu languages in western Democratic Republic of the Congo and southern Republic of the Congo. Kimanyanga is the Kikongo dialect of Manyanga, which

Kikongo-Kituba, according to some linguists, a creole language of Central Africa that evolved out of the contact between Kikongo-Kimanyanga and other Bantu languages in western Democratic Republic of the Congo and southern Republic of the Congo. Kimanyanga is the Kikongo dialect of Manyanga, which

Kikuchi Kan was a playwright, novelist, and founder of one of the major publishing companies in Japan. As a student at the First Higher School in Tokyo, Kikuchi became acquainted with the future novelists Akutagawa Ryūnosuke and Kume Masao. Later, while attending Kyōto Imperial University, he

Kikuchi Kan was a playwright, novelist, and founder of one of the major publishing companies in Japan. As a student at the First Higher School in Tokyo, Kikuchi became acquainted with the future novelists Akutagawa Ryūnosuke and Kume Masao. Later, while attending Kyōto Imperial University, he

electromagnetic radiation: Wave-particle duality: That same year S. Kikuchi of Japan obtained an electron diffraction pattern by shooting electrons with an energy of 68 keV through a thin mica plate and recording the resultant diffraction pattern on a photographic plate. The observed pattern corresponded to electron waves having the wavelength predicted by…

monosodium glutamate: …in 1908 by Japanese chemist Ikeda Kikunae, who found that soup stocks made from seaweed contained high levels of the substance. MSG elicits a unique taste, known as umami, that is different from the other basic tastes (bitter, salty, sour, sweet) and thus enhances the complex flavours of meat, poultry,…

Kikutake Kiyonori was a Japanese architect concerned with the problems of a changing world, particularly urban sprawl and sustainability. After graduating from Waseda University in Tokyo (1950), Kikutake worked for several architectural firms and then opened his own office (1953). The work that

Kikuyu, Bantu-speaking people who live in the highland area of south-central Kenya, near Mount Kenya. In the late 20th century the Kikuyu numbered more than 4,400,000 and formed the largest ethnic group in Kenya, approximately 20 percent of the total population. Their own name for themselves is

Kenya: Political movements: …the first one being the Young Kikuyu Association (later the East African Association), established in 1921, with Harry Thuku as its first president. The group, which received most of its support from young men and was not supported by most of the older chiefs, demanded African representation in the legislature…

weed: Biological control: Kikuyu grass, which was introduced into California to prevent soil erosion on hillsides and roadways, soon spread into orchards, turf, and crop areas, where it became a serious weed.

Ki Seto ware: …a glossy chartreuse yellow (guinomi-de, or kikuzara-de), fired at a relatively high temperature, and a soft dull-glazed pure yellow (ayame-de, or aburage-de), fired at low heat.

Kenya: Disputed 2007 and 2013 elections, a new constitution, and ICC proceedings: …plan brokered by Annan and Jakaya Kikwete, the president of Tanzania and chairman of the African Union. The plan called for the formation of a coalition government between PNU and ODM and the creation of several new positions, with Kibaki to remain president and Odinga to hold the newly created…

Kikwit, town and river port, southwestern Democratic Republic of the Congo. It lies along the Kwilu River, which is a tributary of the Kasai River. European settlement of the site began in 1901, and the town became a colonial administrative centre about 1910. Kikwit is now the largest community in

balloon flower, (Platycodon grandiflorus), perennial flowering plant of the bellflower family (Campanulaceae), native to East Asia. The plants are commonly cultivated as a garden ornamental and are sometimes grown as a ground cover. The balloon flower gets its name from its balloonlike flower buds.

Kiel Sun-chu was a Presbyterian minister who was one of the most prominent leaders of the early Korean Christian Church. Prior to his conversion to Christianity in 1897, Kiel had been a follower of Son (Zen) Buddhism. He was a member of the first graduation class of the newly founded Presbyterian

Kilauea, the world’s most active volcanic mass, located on the southeastern part of the island of Hawaii, Hawaii state, U.S. The central feature of Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, Kilauea (“Much Spreading” in Hawaiian), is an elongated dome built of lava eruptions from a central crater and from

Kilauea: Kilauea Iki, a crater directly east of Kilauea, erupted spectacularly in 1959, creating a 400-foot- (120-metre-) deep lake of molten lava and Pu‘u Pua‘i (“Gushing Hill”), a cinder cone near its southern rim. The east rift zone supports numerous pit craters ending in Makaopuhi, with…

Kilauea: Kilauea Iki, a crater directly east of Kilauea, erupted spectacularly in 1959, creating a 400-foot- (120-metre-) deep lake of molten lava and Pu‘u Pua‘i (“Gushing Hill”), a cinder cone near its southern rim. The east rift zone supports numerous pit craters ending in Makaopuhi, with…

Kauai: …Historical Park (built 1816), and Kilauea Lighthouse, which contains the world’s largest (although now inactive) lighthouse clamshell lens. Kauai is home to three properties of the National Tropical Botanical Garden, chartered by the U.S. Congress in 1964: Limahuli Garden and Preserve, on the north shore, and Allerton Garden and McBryde…

Television in the United States: The late shows: …Tom Snyder (and, after 1999, Craig Kilborn, who was replaced by Craig Ferguson in 2005). At ABC the news department had achieved surprisingly high ratings in 1979 with a special nightly news show it developed for the 11:30–11:45 pm slot to give updates on the Iran Hostage Crisis. Hosted primarily…

Wisconsin Dells: The city of Wisconsin Dells is located about 50 miles (80 km) northwest of Madison.

legislative investigative powers: …to answer questions, although in Kilbourn v. Thompson (1881), the Supreme Court held that Congress may not inquire “into the private affairs of the citizen.” Nearly four decades later, in Sinclair v. United States (1929), the court, less hostile to congressional inquiries, ruled that a witness could not refuse to…

Tom Kilburn was a British engineer and co-inventor of the first working computer memory. Kilburn also designed and built the first stored-program computer and led a team that produced a succession of pioneering computers over the next 25 years. In 1942 Kilburn graduated from the University of

Jack Kilby was an American engineer and one of the inventors of the integrated circuit, a system of interconnected transistors on a single microchip. In 2000, Kilby was a corecipient, with Herbert Kroemer and Zhores Alferov, of the Nobel Prize for Physics. Kilby was the son of an electrical

Jack Kilby was an American engineer and one of the inventors of the integrated circuit, a system of interconnected transistors on a single microchip. In 2000, Kilby was a corecipient, with Herbert Kroemer and Zhores Alferov, of the Nobel Prize for Physics. Kilby was the son of an electrical

Kirkcudbright, town and royal burgh (1455), Dumfries and Galloway council area, historic county of Kirkcudbrightshire, southwestern Scotland, 25 miles (40 km) southwest of Dumfries in the Galloway region. It guards the lowest crossing of the River Dee, 6 miles (10 km) from the Irish Sea, and is a

computer: From Star Trek to Microsoft: Gary Kildall developed the first operating system for a microcomputer as part of a project he contracted with Intel several years before the release of the Altair. Kildall realized that a computer had to be able to handle storage devices such as disk drives, and…

Kildare, county in the province of Leinster, east-central Ireland. It comprises part of the lowland west of the Wicklow Mountains and part of the Irish central lowland. Naas, in east-central Kildare, is the county town (seat). County Kildare is bounded by Counties Meath (north); Fingal, South

Kildare, market town, County Kildare, Ireland. The Protestant cathedral church (1229) is dedicated to St. Brigit of Ireland, who founded a community there in the 5th century. Restoration of the church was begun in 1875. Near the church are an ancient cross and round tower, and there are remains of

Ireland: The Kildare ascendancy: The substitution (1485) of Tudor for Yorkist rule in England had no apparent effect in Ireland, where the ascendancy of the Fitzgerald earls of Kildare, established when Thomas, 7th earl, was created lord deputy in 1471, had passed (1477) to his son Garret…

Dublin: City layout: …Molesworth Street; Kildare House, renamed Leinster House when the earl became the duke of Leinster, is thought to have been the model for the White House in Washington, D.C. It is now the seat of the republic’s parliament (Oireachtas). Twin Victorian buildings, which were constructed on either side of Leinster…

Ireland: The Kildare ascendancy: …passed (1477) to his son Garret Mór (Great Gerald). The formality of royal power was preserved by appointing an absentee lieutenant, for whom Kildare acted as deputy. In practice, Kildare exercised real power through dynastic alliances with the chief Gaelic and Anglo-Irish lords. Opposition to Kildare was negligible even when…

Ireland: The Kildare ascendancy: …deputyship passed to his son Garret Óg (Young Gerald), 9th earl of Kildare, who continued, though less impressively, to dominate the country. But James, 10th earl of Desmond, intrigued with the Holy Roman emperor Charles V; and Henry VIII became convinced that Kildare had lost the power to control Ireland…

Thomas Fitzgerald, 10th earl of Kildare was the leader of a major Irish rebellion against King Henry VIII of England. The failure of the uprising ended the Fitzgerald family’s hereditary viceroyalty of Ireland and led to the tightening of English control over the country. When his father, the Irish

Kildonan, historical district within the city of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. Situated on both sides of the Red River, it comprises the former cities of East Kildonan and West Kildonan and the former municipalities of Old Kildonan and North Kildonan, all of which were originally established in the

Lindsey Vonn is an American Alpine skier who won four women’s World Cup overall championships (2008–10 and 2012) and was the first woman to win 82 World Cup races. She also claimed three Olympic Winter Games medals and eight world championships medals during her international racing career. Kildow

mbira, plucked idiophone (instrument whose sounding parts are resonant solids belonging to the body of the instrument itself)—or more specifically, a lamellaphone—that is unique to Africa and widely distributed throughout the continent. The mbira consists of a series of tuned metal or bamboo

Oceanic art and architecture: Artist and society: …parts of Melanesia, among the Kilenge of New Britain, for example, or in the Solomons, artistic progress is recognized as covering several stages. The apprentice grows into an independent worker with limited skills and eventually, if he has talent and ambition, becomes a master in his turn. In the Solomons…

āsrāva, in Buddhist philosophy, the illusion that ceaselessly flows out from internal organs (i.e., five sense organs and the mind). To the unenlightened, every existence becomes the object of illusion or is inevitably accompanied by illusion. Such an existence is called sāsrava. Even if one leads

Kilgore, city, on the Gregg-Rusk county line, northeastern Texas, U.S., about 50 miles (80 km) west of the border with Louisiana. The city is part of the Longview-Kilgore-Gladewater-Tyler oil complex in the middle of the East Texas oil field. In 1871 Judge C.B. Kilgore settled the site, which was

Kili, coral island in the Ralik (western) chain of the Republic of the Marshall Islands, west-central Pacific Ocean. It is about 230 acres (93 hectares) in area. Islanders from Bikini, site of U.S. atomic-bomb tests, were moved to Kili in 1949. Some of the Bikinians who returned to Bikini in the

Kiliya, city, southwestern Ukraine, on the Kiliya Branch of the Danube River, just north of the border with Romania. Kiliya dates back to at least the 10th century ad, though Greeks had settled at the site as early as the 7th century bc. Because of Kiliya’s strategic location, control over the city

St. Kilian ; feast day July 8) was a missionary bishop who, with his companions Saints Colman and Totnan, gave his life for the Christianization of Thuringia and eastern Franconia. At Würzburg about 689, all three were beheaded by orders of Duke Gozbert of Würzburg, whom Kilian had supposedly

Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu is a Turkish economist and politician who has led the Republican People’s Party (Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi; CHP) since 2010. Kılıçdaroğlu was born Kemal Karabulut in the village of Ballıca in Tunceli, a province in eastern Turkey whose population is predominantly Alevi (an

Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu is a Turkish economist and politician who has led the Republican People’s Party (Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi; CHP) since 2010. Kılıçdaroğlu was born Kemal Karabulut in the village of Ballıca in Tunceli, a province in eastern Turkey whose population is predominantly Alevi (an

Kiliya, city, southwestern Ukraine, on the Kiliya Branch of the Danube River, just north of the border with Romania. Kiliya dates back to at least the 10th century ad, though Greeks had settled at the site as early as the 7th century bc. Because of Kiliya’s strategic location, control over the city

kilim, pileless floor covering handwoven in most places where pile rugs are made. The term is applied both generally and specifically, with the former use referring to virtually any ruglike fabric that does not have pile. When used specifically the term refers to a more limited number of

Kilimanjaro, volcanic massif in northeastern Tanzania, near the Kenya border. Its central cone, Kibo, rises to 19,340 feet (5,895 metres) and is the highest point in Africa. Kilimanjaro lies about 100 miles (160 km) east of the East African Rift System and about 140 miles (225 km) south of Nairobi,

East African mountains: Tourism: Kilimanjaro National Park covers the mountain from 6,000 feet to the summit, and other parks include Mount Kenya above 10,200 feet, the moorland zone of the Aberdares, and a sector of the Kenya portion of Mount Elgon. In the Uganda section of the Virunga Mountains,…

mbira, plucked idiophone (instrument whose sounding parts are resonant solids belonging to the body of the instrument itself)—or more specifically, a lamellaphone—that is unique to Africa and widely distributed throughout the continent. The mbira consists of a series of tuned metal or bamboo

dress: Japan: …patterned with hō-ō birds and kilin (Japanized versions of the mythical Chinese fenghuang and qilin). The outer and most important of three kimonos worn under the ho is the shitagasane, which has an elongated back panel that forms a train some 12 feet (4 metres) long. The shitagasane is made…

South Asian arts: Period of the Tamil Cōḷa Empire (10th–13th century): …of Letters), who popularized the kiḷippāṭṭu (“parrot song”), a genre in which the narrator is a parrot, a bee, a swan, and so on. His outstanding works are Adhyātma Rāmāyaṇam, Bhāratam, and Bhāgavatam, all based on Sanskrit originals yet powerfully re-created with masterly language craft.

Kilis, town, extreme southern Turkey. It lies near the Syrian border north of Aleppo, Syria, and is often identified with the ancient town of Kilisi mentioned in Assyrian records. It was occupied by France after World War I but was returned to Turkey in 1921. The country around Kilis is fertile,

northern Mexican Indian: the Diegueño), Paipai (Akwa’ala), and Kiliwa—live in ranch clusters and other tiny settlements in the mountains near the U.S. border. Speaking Yuman languages, they are little different today from their relatives in U.S. California. A small number of Cocopa in the Colorado River delta in like manner represent a southward…

Kiliya, city, southwestern Ukraine, on the Kiliya Branch of the Danube River, just north of the border with Romania. Kiliya dates back to at least the 10th century ad, though Greeks had settled at the site as early as the 7th century bc. Because of Kiliya’s strategic location, control over the city

Kilkeel, fishing port and seaside resort, Newry, Mourne and Down district, southeastern Northern Ireland. It lies at the mouth of the River Kilkeel at the foot of the Mourne Mountains; the quarrying and dressing of Mourne granite is a local industry. A good harbour, which opened in the 1850s,

Kilkenny, county, province of Leinster, southeastern Ireland. The counties of Kilkenny and Carlow are linked for representation in the Irish Parliament, but, for local government and all administrative purposes, Kilkenny has a separate county council. The municipal borough of Kilkenny, in the

Kilkenny, city, municipal borough, and seat of County Kilkenny, Ireland. It lies on both banks of the River Nore about 30 miles (50 km) north of Waterford. The ancient capital of the kingdom of Ossory, Kilkenny in Norman times had two townships: Irishtown, which had its charter from the bishops of

Kilkenny: Kilkenny Castle, perhaps the city’s most famous landmark, stands on an eminence of 100 feet (30 metres) overlooking the Nore. It was burned in 1175 but was rebuilt in the late 12th and early 13th century by William Marshal. In 1391 the 3rd earl of…

Ireland: The 14th and 15th centuries: …in the Irish Parliament the Statute of Kilkenny (1366), which listed the “obedient” (English-controlled) lands as Louth, Meath, Trim, Dublin, Carlow, Kildare, Kilkenny, Wexford, Waterford, and Tipperary. Intermarriage or alliances with the Irish were forbidden. The independent Irish outside the Pale (the area of English control) were regarded as enemies…

volleyball: The game: (This offensive action, called a spike, or kill, is usually performed most effectively and with greatest power near the net by the forward line of players.) A tightly stretched net is placed across the court exactly above the middle of the center line; official net heights (measured from the top…

handball: Principles of play.: …most effective placement is a kill, in which the ball rebounds at a height so low that it is impossible to return it. An ace is a legal serve that eludes the receiver. The greater variety of angle shots—for example, sidewall to front wall, ceiling to front, side to back—makes…

James Patterson: Cross (2006; film 2012), Kill Alex Cross (2011), Alex Cross, Run (2013), Cross the Line (2016), Target: Alex Cross (2018), and Deadly Cross (2020). Patterson later launched a spin-off series that centres on Cross’s son; it began with Ali Cross (2019).

Quentin Tarantino: Tarantino subsequently wrote and directed Kill Bill: Vol. 1 (2003) and Kill Bill: Vol. 2 (2004), which centres on a trained assassin (played by Uma Thurman) and her quest for revenge. Grindhouse (2007), an homage to B-movie double features, paired Tarantino’s Death Proof, a thriller about a homicidal stuntman, with…

Quentin Tarantino: 1 (2003) and Kill Bill: Vol. 2 (2004), which centres on a trained assassin (played by Uma Thurman) and her quest for revenge. Grindhouse (2007), an homage to B-movie double features, paired Tarantino’s Death Proof, a thriller about a homicidal stuntman, with Robert Rodriguez’s horror film Planet Terror.…

Chadwick Boseman: He then starred in The Kill Hole (2012), a thriller about an Iraq War veteran sent to kill another veteran in the Pacific Northwest. While that film was largely ignored, Boseman attracted wider notice when he was cast as baseball player Jackie Robinson in the much-anticipated biopic 42 (2013).…

Frederick Forsyth: …Avenger (2003; TV movie 2006), The Kill List (2013), and The Fox (2018). Among his short-story collections were No Comebacks (1982) and The Veteran (2001). Many of his novels and stories were adapted for film and television.