mountain goat, (Oreamnos americanus), a stocky North American ruminant of the family Bovidae (order Artiodactyla). Surefooted relatives of the chamois, mountain goats cling to steep cliffs in habitats ranging from ocean shores to glaciated mountain tops. They are agile, methodical climbers, adapted

locust: The Rocky Mountain locust and the migratory grasshopper (Melanoplus spretus and M. sanguinipes, respectively) destroyed many prairie farms in Canada and the United States in the 1870s. Many other species occasionally increase sufficiently in numbers to be called plagues.

John Denver: …followed by the evocative "Rocky Mountain High" (1972) and the smash hit "Sunshine on My Shoulders" (1974).

locust: The Rocky Mountain locust and the migratory grasshopper (Melanoplus spretus and M. sanguinipes, respectively) destroyed many prairie farms in Canada and the United States in the 1870s. Many other species occasionally increase sufficiently in numbers to be called plagues.

Rocky Mountain National Park, spectacular mountainous region of north-central Colorado, U.S. It lies just west of the town of Estes Park and adjoins Arapaho National Recreation Area, which surrounds two lakes formed by the impounding of the Colorado River, to the southwest; the eastern entrance of

Colorado: Media and publishing: … is The Denver Post; the Rocky Mountain News (Denver), which was founded in 1859, ceased publication in February 2009. Daily newspapers are also published in more than a dozen other cities, including Boulder, Colorado Springs, Fort Collins, and Greeley.

scrub oak: The Rocky Mountain scrub oak, or Gambel oak (Q. gambelii), grows up to 9 metres (30 feet) tall.

Rocky Mountain spotted fever, form of tick-borne typhus first described in the Rocky Mountain section of the United States, caused by the bacterium Rickettsia rickettsii and transmitted by certain species of ticks. Although historically known from the Rocky Mountain region, particularly the U.S.

Rocky Mountain Trench, geological depression extending north-northwest for about 900 miles (1,400 km) from western Montana, U.S., south of Flathead Lake, through British Columbia, Can., to the headwaters of the Yukon River. The trench parallels the steep western face of the Rockies, separating them

Rocky Mountains, mountain range forming the cordilleran backbone of the great upland system that dominates the western North American continent. Generally, the ranges included in the Rockies stretch from northern Alberta and British Columbia southward to New Mexico, a distance of some 3,000 miles

Albert Bierstadt: , The Rocky Mountains (1863; Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City) and Mount Corcoran (c. 1875–77; Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.). Executed in his studio in New York, the large works do not have the freshness and spontaneity of the small on-the-spot paintings from…

coastal landforms: Tides: …a beach or on a rocky coast, it causes the shoreline to move accordingly. This movement of the shoreline changes the zone where waves and longshore currents can do their work. Tidal range in combination with the topography of the coast is quite important in this situation. The greater the…

Sylvester Stallone: 1982, 1985, 1990, 2006, 2015, and 2018) followed, with Stallone directing four of them. The 2015 installment, Creed, was the only sequel not written by Stallone; he cowrote the next installment Creed II (2018). The Creed films featured Rocky Balboa as a boxing trainer and earned strong…

Rococo, style in interior design, the decorative arts, painting, architecture, and sculpture that originated in Paris in the early 18th century but was soon adopted throughout France and later in other countries, principally Germany and Austria. It is characterized by lightness, elegance, and an

sonata: The Classical era and later: The Rococo style of the mid-18th century, generally known as style galant, had attained a halfway stage in which counterpoint had been virtually dropped and tunes had occupied the forefront of interest. But now, in the mature Classical style of Joseph Haydn and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart,…

Eastern Orthodoxy: The Orthodox diaspora and missions: …and became known as the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia (ROCOR). It had no canonical relation with the official Orthodox patriarchates and churches until May 2007. That year, following reforms within both Russia and the Russian Orthodox Church in the wake of the fall of the Soviet Union, the…

François de La Rocque was a French fascist and army officer who sought dictatorial power but merely helped bring down the government of Édouard Daladier in 1934. The son of a general, Rocque was from a long line of career officers. After graduating from the prestigious military academy of Saint-Cyr

Jean-François de La Rocque, sieur de Roberval was a French colonizer chosen by Francis I to create a settlement on North American lands found earlier by Jacques Cartier. Roberval was born into a noble family and lived at the court of Francis of Angoulême. Roberval converted to Protestantism and was

Rocroi, ancient fortress town, Ardennes département, Grand Est région, northeastern France. It lies 4 miles (6 km) from the Belgian frontier. The great bastions surrounding the small town in the form of a pentagon have been preserved intact and offer an excellent example of 16th- to 17th-century

Battle of Rocroi, (May 19, 1643), a military engagement of the Thirty Years’ War in which a French army of 22,000 men, under the Duke d’Enghien (later known as the Great Condé), annihilated a Spanish army of 26,000 men under Don Francisco de Melo, marking the end of Spain’s military ascendancy in

Rod, in Slavic religion, god of fate and the creator of the world. Ceremonial meals in his honor, consisting of meatless dishes such as bread and cheese, survived into Christian

rod, old English measure of distance equal to 16.5 feet (5.029 metres), with variations from 9 to 28 feet (2.743 to 8.534 metres) also being used. It was also called a perch or pole. The word rod derives from Old English rodd and is akin to Old Norse rudda (“club”). Etymologically rod is also akin

industrial glass: Tubes and rods: Tubes and rods are made in three processes: the Danner process, the downdraw process, and the Vello process. In the Danner process, a continuous stream of glass flows over a hollow, rotating mandrel that is mounted on an incline inside a surrounding muffle. With…

rod, one of two types of photoreceptive cells in the retina of the eye in vertebrate animals. Rod cells function as specialized neurons that convert visual stimuli in the form of photons (particles of light) into chemical and electrical stimuli that can be processed by the central nervous system.

fishing: Early history: …of the line to a rod, at first probably a stick or tree branch, made it possible to fish from the bank or shore and even to reach over vegetation bordering the water.

sound: In solid rods: A thin metal rod can sustain longitudinal vibrations in much the same way as an air column. The ends of a rod, when free, act as antinodes, while any point at which the rod is held becomes a node, so that the representation of…

bicycle: Brakes: In developing countries rod brakes are often used. Rods connect the handlebar levers to stirrups that pull pads of friction material against the inside of the rim. Front and rear brakes on other bikes are actuated by cables connected to a brake lever on each handlebar. Caliper brakes…

Stanisław Staszic: His other works include Ród ludzki (1819–20; “The Human Condition”), a long philosophic poem, and a translation into Polish of Homer’s Iliad.

East Asian mathematics: The Nine Chapters: Numbers represented by counting rods could be moved and modified within a computation. However, no written computations were recorded until much later. As will be seen, setting up the computations with counting rods greatly influenced later mathematical developments.

puppetry: Rod puppets: These figures are also manipulated from below, but they are full-length, supported by a rod running inside the body to the head. Separate thin rods may move the hands and, if necessary, the legs. Figures of this type are traditional on the Indonesian…

cultivator: Rod weeders are used for weed control in open unplanted fields; their working element is a square-section rod that revolves a few inches below the soil surface. Field cultivators, essentially light plows, are equipped with spring teeth, shovels, or sweeps.

Édouard Rod was a French-Swiss writer of psychological novels and a pioneer of comparative criticism. After his first novels, written in the style of Émile Zola, the best of which was Palmyre Veulard (1881), Rod soon evolved his own highly sensitive, introverted psychological art in such novels as

capoeira: …face each other within the roda—a circle of capoeiristas (practitioners of capoeira)—emulating in a stylized manner the strikes and parries of combat, in time with the rhythms of a small musical ensemble. Music is indeed integral to the practice of capoeira. The ensemble typically consists of one to three berimbaus…

organic farming: History: …promoted by various advocates—such as J.I. Rodale and his son Robert, in the 1940s and onward, who published Organic Gardening and Farming magazine and a number of texts on organic farming. The demand for organic food was stimulated in the 1960s by the publication of Silent Spring, by Rachel Carson,…

horror film: … (1954; Godzilla) and Radon (1956; Rodan), while British companies such as Hammer Films shifted the emphasis from atmospheric terror to scenes of bloody violence in motion pictures such as The Curse of Frankenstein (1957) and The Horror of Dracula (1958). Sophisticated films of the mystery-thriller type, such as Alfred Hitchcock’s…

Martin Rodbell was an American biochemist who was awarded the 1994 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for his discovery in the 1960s of natural signal transducers called G-proteins that help cells in the body communicate with each other. He shared the prize with American pharmacologist Alfred

Johann Karl Rodbertus was an economist who, because of his conservative interpretation of social reform, was instrumental in shaping the Prussian government’s regulation of its economy. Rodbertus was educated in law at Prussian universities. In 1836 he acquired the landed estate of Jagetzow in

Aleksandr Mikhailovich Rodchenko was a Russian painter, sculptor, designer, and photographer who was a dedicated leader of the Constructivist movement. Rodchenko studied art at the Kazan School of Art in Odessa from 1910 to 1914 and then went to Moscow to continue on at the Imperial Central

Evelyn Violet Elizabeth Emmet was a British politician who served as a Conservative member of Parliament for East Grinstead (1955–64) and as chairman of the National Union of the Conservative Party (1955–56). After obtaining a degree from Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, Evelyn traveled extensively in

Nancy Mitford was an English writer noted for her witty novels of upper-class life. Nancy Mitford was one of six daughters (and one son) of the 2nd Baron Redesdale; the family name was actually Freeman-Mitford. The children were educated at home and were all highly original. Nancy’s sister Unity

Kylie Tennant was an Australian novelist and playwright famed for her realistic yet affirmative depictions of the lives of the underprivileged in Australia. Tennant attended the University of Sydney but left without a degree and then worked as an assistant publicity officer for the Australian

Gene Roddenberry was an American writer and television and film producer who created and served as executive producer of the popular science-fiction television series Star Trek (1966–69), which spawned other television series and a string of motion pictures. Roddenberry briefly attended Los Angeles

Gene Roddenberry was an American writer and television and film producer who created and served as executive producer of the popular science-fiction television series Star Trek (1966–69), which spawned other television series and a string of motion pictures. Roddenberry briefly attended Los Angeles

Jimmy Connors: …2008 he coached American player Andy Roddick. Connors wrote several books, including Jimmy Connors: How to Play Tougher Tennis (1986; written with Robert J. LaMarche), Don’t Count Yourself Out!: Staying Fit After 35 with Jimmy Connors (1992; written with Neil Gordon and Catherine McEvily Harris), and the memoir The Outsider…

gospel music: White gospel music: …as Charles McCallom Alexander and Homer Rodeheaver, the music acquired a more upbeat character. The organ was replaced by the piano, which in turn was joined by other instruments. (Rodeheaver’s musical presentations often included his own trombone solos.) The vocal component of the music also took on a more demonstrative,…

Branch Davidian: David Koresh and the ATF raid: …Houteff’s leadership was led by Ben Roden, who had previously called the Davidians to “Get off the dead Rod [led by Florence Houteff] and move to the living Branch.” Roden gained control of Mount Carmel and established the General Association of Davidian Seventh-day Adventists. He called his members to a…

Albrecht Rodenbach was a Flemish poet who helped to inspire the late 1870s revival in Flemish literature that was intended to counteract the growing French influence on Belgian cultural life. When Rodenbach went to the Catholic University of Leuven (Louvain) in 1876, he at once sought to mobilize

Georges Rodenbach was a Belgian Symbolist poet and novelist whose writing was inspired by scenes of his native country. Rodenbach studied law at the University of Ghent, Belgium, and continued his studies in Paris. His first collection of verse, Le Foyer et les champs (“The Hearth and the Fields”),

Georges Rodenbach was a Belgian Symbolist poet and novelist whose writing was inspired by scenes of his native country. Rodenbach studied law at the University of Ghent, Belgium, and continued his studies in Paris. His first collection of verse, Le Foyer et les champs (“The Hearth and the Fields”),

rodent, (order Rodentia), any of more than 2,050 living species of mammals characterized by upper and lower pairs of ever-growing rootless incisor teeth. Rodents are the largest group of mammals, constituting almost half the class Mammalia’s approximately 4,660 species. They are indigenous to every

bot fly: The subfamily Cuterebrinae contains important rodent bot flies, such as Cuterebra cuniculi, which infects rabbits, and the tree squirrel bot fly (C. emasculator), which attacks the scrotum of squirrels, sometimes emasculating them. The human bot fly (Dermatobia hominis) attacks livestock, deer, and humans. The female attaches her eggs to mosquitoes,…

rodent, (order Rodentia), any of more than 2,050 living species of mammals characterized by upper and lower pairs of ever-growing rootless incisor teeth. Rodents are the largest group of mammals, constituting almost half the class Mammalia’s approximately 4,660 species. They are indigenous to every

rodenticide, any substance that is used to kill rats, mice, and other rodent pests. Warfarin, 1080 (sodium fluoroacetate), ANTU (legal label for alpha-naphthylthiourea), and red squill are commonly used rodenticides. These substances kill by preventing normal blood clotting and causing internal

rodeo, sport involving a series of riding and roping contests derived from the working skills of the American cowboy as developed during the second half of the 19th century to support the open-range cattle industry in North America. Although its development as a sport occurred mainly in northern

Agnes de Mille: Rodeo (1942), one of her most important ballets, was created for the Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo. The first ballet to include tap dancing, it used distinctively American gestures—bronco-riding and steer-roping movements. Most of de Mille’s other ballets were choreographed for New York City’s Ballet…

rodeo: Origins and history: In 1929 the Rodeo Association of America, an organization of rodeo managers and producers, was formed to regulate the sport. The contestants themselves took a hand in 1936 after a strike in Boston Garden and organized the Cowboy Turtles Association—“turtles” because they had been slow to act. That…

rodeo: Origins and history: …(RCA) in 1945 and the Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association (PRCA) in 1975, and its rules became accepted by most rodeos.

Justin Peck: In addition, NYCB premiered his Rodeo: Four Dance Episodes and New Blood in 2015 and The Decalogue, his third Stevens collaboration, in 2017. Peck’s other ballets for NYCB included Easy (2018), set to Leonard Bernstein’s Prelude, Fugue, and Riffs; Principia (2019), a fourth collaboration with Stevens; Bright (2019); and Rotunda…

Roderick was the last Visigothic king of Spain, who died in the Muslim invasion. Roderick’s predecessor, King Witiza, died in 710, leaving two young sons, for whom Witiza’s widow and family tried to secure the succession. But a faction of the Visigothic nobles elected Roderick and drove the

Roderic O’Connor was the king of Connaught and the last high king of Ireland; he failed to turn back the Anglo-Norman invasion that led to the conquest of Ireland by England. Roderic succeeded his father, Turloch O’Connor, as king of Connaught in 1156. Since Turloch’s title of high king was claimed

Roderic O’Connor was the king of Connaught and the last high king of Ireland; he failed to turn back the Anglo-Norman invasion that led to the conquest of Ireland by England. Roderic succeeded his father, Turloch O’Connor, as king of Connaught in 1156. Since Turloch’s title of high king was claimed

Roderick was the last Visigothic king of Spain, who died in the Muslim invasion. Roderick’s predecessor, King Witiza, died in 710, leaving two young sons, for whom Witiza’s widow and family tried to secure the succession. But a faction of the Visigothic nobles elected Roderick and drove the

Roderick Hudson, first novel by Henry James, serialized in The Atlantic Monthly in 1875 and published in book form in 1876. It was revised by the author in 1879 for publication in England. Roderick Hudson is the story of the conflict between art and the passions; the title character is an American

Roderick Random, picaresque novel by Tobias Smollett, published in 1748. Modeled after Alain-René Lesage’s Gil Blas, the novel consists of a series of episodes that give an account of the life and times of the Scottish rogue Roderick Random. At various times rich and then poor, the hero goes to

George Cram Cook: …reflected in his first novel, Roderick Taliaferro (1903), a historical romance set in the Mexico of Emperor Maximilian. One of his hired workers, Floyd Dell, who later became a novelist, converted him to Socialism (Cook appears as Tom Alden in Dell’s Moon-Calf, 1920). Cook’s novel The Chasm (1911) explores the…

Rodez, town, capital of Aveyron département, Occitanie région, southern France. It lies at the confluence of the Auterne and Aveyron rivers, overlooking the green undulating country of the Plateau de Segala. Colonized as Ruthena by the Romans, the town was the scene of a struggle between the

Aaron Rodgers is an American professional football quarterback who is considered one of the greatest to ever play the position. He led the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League (NFL) to a Super Bowl championship in 2011. (Read Walter Camp’s 1903 Britannica essay on inventing American

Aaron Rodgers is an American professional football quarterback who is considered one of the greatest to ever play the position. He led the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League (NFL) to a Super Bowl championship in 2011. (Read Walter Camp’s 1903 Britannica essay on inventing American

Carolyn M. Rodgers was an American poet, teacher, critic, and publisher who is noted for a body of work that deepened and extended beyond the Black Arts movement in which she found her voice. Rodgers grew up in the Bronzeville neighbourhood of Chicago and briefly attended the University of

Carolyn M. Rodgers was an American poet, teacher, critic, and publisher who is noted for a body of work that deepened and extended beyond the Black Arts movement in which she found her voice. Rodgers grew up in the Bronzeville neighbourhood of Chicago and briefly attended the University of

Jimmie Rodgers was an American singer, songwriter, and guitarist, one of the principal figures in the emergence of the country and western style of popular music. Rodgers, whose mother died when he was a young boy, was the son of an itinerant railroad gang foreman, and his youth was spent in a

Jimmie Rodgers was an American singer, songwriter, and guitarist, one of the principal figures in the emergence of the country and western style of popular music. Rodgers, whose mother died when he was a young boy, was the son of an itinerant railroad gang foreman, and his youth was spent in a

Jeff Beck: Flash (1985), produced by Nile Rodgers, was Beck’s most commercial release. It contained the Grammy Award-winning track “Escape,” as well as a cover of the Impressions’ “People Get Ready,” which featured Stewart on vocals and became Beck’s first hit single. In later years Beck maintained a relatively low profile,…

Richard Rodgers was one of the dominant composers of American musical comedy, known especially for his works in collaboration with the librettists Lorenz Hart and Oscar Hammerstein II. As a youth Rodgers composed songs for amateur boys’ club shows. In 1918 he entered Columbia University. There he

Social Democratic Party: History: Jenkins, David Owen, William Rodgers, and Shirley Williams—to quit the leftward path that had lately been taken by Labour. The party was formally founded on March 26, including in its ranks 14 members of the House of Commons (all former Labour members but one, who had been a Conservative)…

Hillary Clinton is an American lawyer and politician who served as a U.S. senator (2001–09) and secretary of state (2009–13) in the administration of Pres. Barack Obama. She had served as first lady (1993–2001) during the administration of her husband, Bill Clinton, 42nd president of the United

Rhodope Mountains, mountain system in the Balkan Peninsula. The Rhodope Mountains lie mainly in Bulgaria but also reach into Greece. The least-accessible region in the Balkans, it has within Bulgaria an area of 5,690 square miles (14,737 sq km), extending 150 miles (240 km) west to east and 60

Rhodes, major city of the island of Rhodes (Modern Greek: Ródos), South Aegean (Nótio Aigaío) periféreia (region), southeastern Greece. The largest urban centre on the island, Rhodes sits on its northeasternmost tip. In Classical history, Rhodes was a maritime power and the site of the Colossus of

Rhodes, island (nísos), the largest of the Dodecanese (Modern Greek: Dodekánisa) group, southeastern Greece, and the most easterly in the Aegean Sea, separated by the Strait of Marmara from Turkey. It constitutes a dímos (municipality) within the South Aegean (Nótio Aigaío) periféreia (region).

Antoine Bourdelle: …he created the full-length portrait Rodin at Work, the head of which is a pastiche of Michelangelo’s Moses in the Church of San Pietro in Vincoli, Rome.

Rodin Museum, museum in Paris, France, showcasing the sculptures, drawings, and other works of the French artist Auguste Rodin and based in the Hôtel Biron. The Hôtel Biron, covering 3 hectares (7.4 acres) of land in Paris, was completed in 1730 by Jean Aubert. Rodin moved into the Hôtel Biron in

Auguste Rodin was a French sculptor of sumptuous bronze and marble figures, considered by some critics to be the greatest portraitist in the history of sculpture. His The Gates of Hell, commissioned in 1880 for the future Museum of the Decorative Arts in Paris, remained unfinished at his death but

Auguste Rodin was a French sculptor of sumptuous bronze and marble figures, considered by some critics to be the greatest portraitist in the history of sculpture. His The Gates of Hell, commissioned in 1880 for the future Museum of the Decorative Arts in Paris, remained unfinished at his death but

Rodinia, in geologic time, a supercontinent that incorporated almost all the landmasses on Earth for about 450 million years during the Proterozoic Eon (2.5 billion to 541 million years ago). Rodinia, which was made up of an amalgamation of several connected landmasses and other large cratons lying

Peter Rodino was an American politician who served for 40 years as a Democratic representative from New Jersey in the U.S. House of Representatives (1949–89). As chairman of the House Judiciary Committee, he steered the 1974 impeachment hearings of Pres. Richard M. Nixon during the Watergate

Peter Rodino was an American politician who served for 40 years as a Democratic representative from New Jersey in the U.S. House of Representatives (1949–89). As chairman of the House Judiciary Committee, he steered the 1974 impeachment hearings of Pres. Richard M. Nixon during the Watergate

Dennis Rodman is an American professional basketball player who was one of the most skilled rebounders, best defenders, and most outrageous characters in the history of the professional game. He was a key part of two National Basketball Association (NBA) championship teams with the Detroit Pistons

Dennis Rodman is an American professional basketball player who was one of the most skilled rebounders, best defenders, and most outrageous characters in the history of the professional game. He was a key part of two National Basketball Association (NBA) championship teams with the Detroit Pistons

Thomas Jackson Rodman was a U.S. inventor of prismatic and perforated-cake gunpowder that burned evenly, providing controlled expansion of gases in a gun rather than a sudden shock that might burst the barrel. He also invented a system of casting cannon around a hollow core cooled from inside,

Trinity Rodman is an American professional football (soccer) player who is a forward for the Washington Spirit in the National Women’s Soccer League (NWSL) and is on the United States Women’s National Team (USWNT). She was the NWSL Rookie of the Year in 2021, and in 2022 she received a four-year

Bistrița-Năsăud: Pyrite has been mined near Rodna since the 15th century. Rodna is a tourist centre for the picturesque Lake Lala, Vințului Valley, and Mount Ineu (7,809 feet). Bârgăul village, the centre of a substantial folk-art community, is situated near the pyramid-shaped Mount Henuil Mare (5,289 feet). Coșbuc town is named…

Rodna Massif, mountain massif, the highest part of the Eastern Carpathians in Romania, reaching a height of 7,556 ft (2,303 m) at Pietrosu in the northern part of the country. Active glaciers are no longer present, but extensive glaciation of the crystalline rocks has produced fretted peaks and

Rodna Massif, mountain massif, the highest part of the Eastern Carpathians in Romania, reaching a height of 7,556 ft (2,303 m) at Pietrosu in the northern part of the country. Active glaciers are no longer present, but extensive glaciation of the crystalline rocks has produced fretted peaks and

George Brydges Rodney, 1st Baron Rodney was an English admiral who won several important naval battles against French, Spanish, and Dutch forces. The grandson and son of army officers, Rodney briefly attended Harrow and entered the navy in July 1732. During the War of the Austrian Succession

Caesar Rodney was a delegate to the Continental Congress (1774–76, 1777–78), “president” of Delaware (1778–82), and a key signer of the Declaration of Independence. Rodney had served as high sheriff of Kent county, Delaware (1755), and as a delegate to the Stamp Act Congress (1765). He served in

George Brydges Rodney, 1st Baron Rodney was an English admiral who won several important naval battles against French, Spanish, and Dutch forces. The grandson and son of army officers, Rodney briefly attended Harrow and entered the navy in July 1732. During the War of the Austrian Succession

James Saumarez, 1st Baron of Saumarez: George Rodney defeat the French under the Comte de Grasse in the Battle of the Saints off Dominica (April 12, 1782).

Guyana: Independence of Guyana: …prominent historian and political leader Walter Rodney was murdered in June 1980. Many observers accused Burnham of involvement in the killings. In the following years Burnham faced an economy shattered by the depressed demand for bauxite and sugar and a restive populace suffering from severe commodity shortages and a near…

Irina Rodnina is a Russian figure skater and politician who, with her partners, first Alexei Ulanov and later Aleksandr Zaytsev, won 10 successive world championships (1969–78) and three successive Olympic gold medals. Rodnina survived a bout with tuberculosis as an infant. She graduated from the

Irina Rodnina is a Russian figure skater and politician who, with her partners, first Alexei Ulanov and later Aleksandr Zaytsev, won 10 successive world championships (1969–78) and three successive Olympic gold medals. Rodnina survived a bout with tuberculosis as an infant. She graduated from the