Sir Dirk Bogarde was an English actor who was one of Great Britain’s most popular leading men in the 1950s. Bogarde was the son of a Dutch-born art critic. He made his stage debut in 1939 and won a film contract from the Rank studios after World War II. He gained attention for his role in the light

Olympic Games: Sydney, Australia, 2000: …a silver, and Dutch swimmers Pieter van den Hoogeband and Inge de Bruijn each won two gold medals. British rower Steven Redgrave won his fifth consecutive gold medal, an unmatched feat in his sport. Heavyweight boxer Felix Savon of Cuba equaled the feat of his countryman Teófilo Stevenson by winning…

Jan van Ruysbroeck: …den Rike der Ghelieven (The Kingdom of the Lovers of God). Ruysbroeck derived much from the mystic Hadewijch, who had viewed the relationship of the soul to God as similar to that between the lover and the beloved. Ruysbroeck’s systematic compendium of teaching and belief, however, contrasted with the…

Jan Frans Willems: …of the 13th-century beast epic Van den vos Reinaerde (1834; “About Reynard the Fox”); this work, with its epoch-making introduction amounting to a pro-Flemish manifesto, was followed in 1836 by a scholarly edition that gave him an international audience. In 1835 he moved to Ghent, where he became active as…

Charles Joseph Van Depoele was a Belgian-born American inventor who demonstrated the practicability of electrical traction (1874) and patented an electric railway (1883). After immigrating to the United States in 1869, Van Depoele became a successful manufacturer of church furniture and then began

Austria: Austria in the European Union: …narrowly won by Green candidate Alexander Van der Bellen. The closeness of the outcome led the Freedom Party to challenge the results, and Austria’s Constitutional Court ruled that irregularities had occurred in a majority of polling districts. The election was annulled and rescheduled for October 2016, but faulty glue on…

Orange River: Irrigation: …in the 1990s included the Van der Kloof irrigation canals below the Van der Kloof Dam.

Simon van der Meer was a Dutch physical engineer who in 1984, with Carlo Rubbia, received the Nobel Prize for Physics for his contribution to the discovery of the massive, short-lived subatomic particles designated W and Z that were crucial to the unified electroweak theory posited in the 1970s by

Austronesian languages: Early classification work: …to be known as the RGH law, or van der Tuuk’s first law; it describes the recurrent sound correspondence of Malay /r/ to Tagalog /g/ and Ngaju Dayak /h/, as in Malay urat, which corresponds to Tagalog ugat and Ngaju Dayak uhat ‘vein.’ In addition, van der Tuuk’s grammar of…

gas: Continuity of gaseous and liquid states: Nevertheless, van der Waals started a scientific trend that continues to the present. His pressure-volume-temperature relation, called an equation of state, is the standard equation of state for real gases in physical chemistry, and at least one new equation of state is proposed every year in…

van der Waals forces, relatively weak electric forces that attract neutral molecules to one another in gases, in liquefied and solidified gases, and in almost all organic liquids and solids. The forces are named for the Dutch physicist Johannes Diderik van der Waals, who in 1873 first postulated

modern algebra: …1930 by the Dutch mathematician Bartel van der Waerden, and the subject has had a deep effect on almost every branch of mathematics.

Joost van der Westhuizen was a South African rugby union football player who was an unusually powerful scrum half and helped propel the South African Springboks to victory in the 1995 Rugby Union World Cup. The tournament was immortalized in the Clint Eastwood movie Invictus (2009). Van der

James VanDerZee was an American photographer, whose portraits chronicled the Harlem Renaissance. VanDerZee made his first photographs as a boy in Lenox, Mass. By 1906 he had moved with his father and brother to Harlem in New York City, where he worked as a waiter and elevator operator. In 1915

Willis Van Devanter was an associate justice of the United States Supreme Court (1910–37). After graduating from Cincinnati Law School in 1881, he initially worked for his father’s law firm; but in 1884, he moved to Cheyenne, Wyo., to become a railroad attorney. There he became involved in

Van Diemen Gulf, inlet of the Timor Sea of the Indian Ocean, indenting Northern Territory, Australia. Measuring 90 mi (145 km) by 50 mi and partially enclosed by Melville Island (northwest) and the Cobourg Peninsula (northeast), it is fronted by the mainland as far west as Cape Hotham (south).

Tasmania, island state of Australia. It lies about 150 miles (240 km) south of the state of Victoria, from which it is separated by the relatively shallow Bass Strait. Structurally, Tasmania constitutes a southern extension of the Great Dividing Range. The state comprises a main island called

Van Diemen’s Land, (1642–1855), the southeastern Australian island colony that became the commonwealth state of Tasmania. Named for Anthony van Diemen, governor general of the Dutch East Indies, the island was first encountered by Europeans in 1642 and named by Abel J. Tasman, a celebrated

S.S. Van Dine was an American critic, editor, and author of a series of best-selling detective novels featuring the brilliant but arrogant sleuth Philo Vance. Wright was educated at St. Vincent and Pomona colleges in California, at Harvard University, and in Munich and Paris. Pursuing a career as a

Carl Van Doren was a U.S. author and teacher whose writings range through surveys of literature to novels, biography, and criticism. Educated at Columbia University (Ph.D., 1911), Van Doren taught there until 1930. In that period he was one of a group of academicians who helped to establish

Television in the United States: The year of transition: 1959: Charles Van Doren, an instructor at Columbia University and the scion of a family of notable writers and academics, was the most beloved and well-known of the big money winners. He remained in the public eye after his multiple appearances on the quiz show Twenty-One…

Edward Buzzell: …by Rory Calhoun, Piper Laurie, Mamie Van Doren, and Jack Carson; Buzzell cowrote the screenplay for the film, which should not be confused with the 1978 musical concerning the Harlem Renaissance.

Mark Van Doren was an American poet, writer, and eminent teacher. He upheld the writing of verse in traditional forms throughout a lengthy period of experiment in poetry. As a teacher at Columbia University for 39 years (1920–59), he exercised a profound influence on generations of students. Van

Cornelis Drebbel was a Dutch inventor who built the first navigable submarine. An engraver and glassworker in Holland, Drebbel turned to applied science and in 1604 went to England, where King James I became his patron. He devised an ingenious “perpetual motion clock,” actuated by changes in

Mona Van Duyn was an American Pulitzer Prize-winning poet noted for her examination of the daily lives of ordinary people and for mixing the prosaic with the unusual, the simple with the sophisticated. She is frequently described as a “domestic poet” who celebrated married love. Van Duyn attended

Mona Van Duyn was an American Pulitzer Prize-winning poet noted for her examination of the daily lives of ordinary people and for mixing the prosaic with the unusual, the simple with the sophisticated. She is frequently described as a “domestic poet” who celebrated married love. Van Duyn attended

Anthony van Dyck was, after Peter Paul Rubens, the most prominent Flemish Baroque painter of the 17th century. A prolific painter of portraits of European aristocracy, he also executed many works on religious and mythological subjects and was a fine draftsman and etcher. Van Dyck was the seventh of

Anthony van Dyck was, after Peter Paul Rubens, the most prominent Flemish Baroque painter of the 17th century. A prolific painter of portraits of European aristocracy, he also executed many works on religious and mythological subjects and was a fine draftsman and etcher. Van Dyck was the seventh of

Anthony van Dyck was, after Peter Paul Rubens, the most prominent Flemish Baroque painter of the 17th century. A prolific painter of portraits of European aristocracy, he also executed many works on religious and mythological subjects and was a fine draftsman and etcher. Van Dyck was the seventh of

Anthony van Dyck was, after Peter Paul Rubens, the most prominent Flemish Baroque painter of the 17th century. A prolific painter of portraits of European aristocracy, he also executed many works on religious and mythological subjects and was a fine draftsman and etcher. Van Dyck was the seventh of

Anthony van Dyck was, after Peter Paul Rubens, the most prominent Flemish Baroque painter of the 17th century. A prolific painter of portraits of European aristocracy, he also executed many works on religious and mythological subjects and was a fine draftsman and etcher. Van Dyck was the seventh of

Dick Van Dyke is an American actor and comedian known for his affable charm, comedic timing, and loose-limbed physical comedy. These traits contributed to the enduring popularity of the television show The Dick Van Dyke Show (1961–66). Van Dyke grew up in Danville, Illinois, and was introduced to

Motown: …musicians in Black Detroit, including Earl Van Dyke on keyboards, Benny Benjamin and Uriel Jones on drums, and James Jamerson on bass. They played a huge role in the development of the Motown sound, a branch of soul music that featured more sophisticated arrangements and orchestration than the grittier Southern…

Henry Van Dyke was a U.S. short-story writer, poet, and essayist popular in the early decades of the 20th century. Educated at Princeton, Van Dyke graduated from its theological seminary in 1877 and became a Presbyterian minister. His early works, “The Story of the Other Wise Man” (1896) and “The

Dick Van Dyke is an American actor and comedian known for his affable charm, comedic timing, and loose-limbed physical comedy. These traits contributed to the enduring popularity of the television show The Dick Van Dyke Show (1961–66). Van Dyke grew up in Danville, Illinois, and was introduced to

W.S. Van Dyke was an American film director who was a reliable craftsman known for his quick and efficient style of shooting. He made a number of commercial hits, though arguably his best-known films were those in the Thin Man series. (Read Martin Scorsese’s Britannica essay on film preservation.)

Group f.64: Cunningham, Edward Weston, Willard Van Dyke, Henry Swift, John Paul Edwards, Brett Weston, Consuelo Kanaga, Alma Lavenson, Sonya Noskowiak, and Preston Holder.

W.S. Van Dyke was an American film director who was a reliable craftsman known for his quick and efficient style of shooting. He made a number of commercial hits, though arguably his best-known films were those in the Thin Man series. (Read Martin Scorsese’s Britannica essay on film preservation.)

Van earthquake of 2011, severe earthquake that struck near the cities of Erciş and Van in eastern Turkey on October 23, 2011. More than 570 people were killed, and thousands of structures in Erciş, Van, and other nearby towns were destroyed. The earthquake was felt as far away as Jordan and

Van earthquake of 2011, severe earthquake that struck near the cities of Erciş and Van in eastern Turkey on October 23, 2011. More than 570 people were killed, and thousands of structures in Erciş, Van, and other nearby towns were destroyed. The earthquake was felt as far away as Jordan and

Franz Hellens was a Belgian writer who produced more than 120 works, including novels, plays, criticism, and volumes of poetry and short stories. He also played an important role in Belgian-French literary life between 1920 and 1955 as editor of several progressive magazines and is notable as a

James Alward Van Fleet was a U.S. military officer who was a division and corps commander during crucial World War II battles, notably the Normandy Invasion and the Battle of the Bulge, and was commander of U.S. ground forces during much of the Korean War. (Read Sir John Keegan’s Britannica entry

philosophy of science: Other approaches to explanation: …such as Peter Achinstein and Bas van Fraassen offered pragmatic theories, according to which what counts as an explanation is contextually determined. Their accounts remained close to the everyday practice of explaining, but, to the extent that they eschewed context-independent conditions on explanation, they encouraged a return to the idea…

Yvonne van Gennip is a Dutch athlete who was considered the greatest speed skater from the Netherlands since Ard Schenk. She won three Olympic gold medals in 1988. At the start of the 1988 Games in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, much of the attention in the women’s speed-skating competition was focused

Van Gogh Museum, museum in Amsterdam that is devoted to the life and work of Vincent van Gogh. The Van Gogh Museum was opened in 1973 and consists of two buildings. Dutch architect Gerrit Rietveld, a member of the progressive art movement De Stijl, designed the main structure. In 1999 the museum

Ayaan Hirsi Ali: …2004 she worked with filmmaker Theo van Gogh to create Submission, a jarring, incendiary film depicting Islam as a religion that sanctions the abuse of women. Several weeks after the film aired on Dutch television, van Gogh was murdered—shot and stabbed, with a knife pinning to his body a letter…

Vincent van Gogh: The productive decade of Vincent van Gogh: …precipitately in 1886 to join Theo in Paris. There, still concerned with improving his drawing, van Gogh met Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Paul Gauguin, and others who were to play historic roles in modern art. They opened his eyes to the latest developments in French painting. At the same time, Theo…

Vincent van Gogh was a Dutch painter, generally considered the greatest after Rembrandt van Rijn, and one of the greatest of the Post-Impressionists. The striking color, emphatic brushwork, and contoured forms of his work powerfully influenced the current of Expressionism in modern art. Van Gogh’s

Lake Van, lake, largest body of water in Turkey and the second largest in the Middle East. The lake is located in the region of eastern Anatolia near the border of Iran. It covers an area of 1,434 square miles (3,713 square km) and is more than 74 miles (119 km) across at its widest point. Known to

Van Halen, American heavy metal band distinguished by the innovative electric-guitar playing of Eddie Van Halen. The original members were guitarist Eddie Van Halen (b. January 26, 1955, Amsterdam, Netherlands—d. October 6, 2020, Santa Monica, California, U.S.), drummer Alex Van Halen (b. May 8,

Van Halen: …band’s critically acclaimed debut album, Van Halen (1978), which eventually sold more than 10 million copies in the United States alone. Featuring the hits “Jump” and “Panama,” 1984 (1984) made megastars of the Los Angeles-based band. Soon after, flamboyant lead singer Roth left Van Halen to pursue a solo career.…

Eddie Van Halen: Career and personal life: …up its debut album with Van Halen II (1979), which produced its first top 20 single, “Dance the Night Away,” and includes the tracks “Light Up the Sky,” “Beautiful Girls,” and the finger-tapping instrumental “Spanish Fly.”

Eddie Van Halen: Career and personal life: …band’s lone album with Cherone, Van Halen III (1998), was a commercial disappointment that was widely panned by critics. Cherone left Van Halen in 1999, and the band stagnated without a singer for three years. Roth and Hagar shared front man duties during a 2002 tour that also featured each…

Eddie Van Halen: Early life: Eddie and his elder brother, Alex, were trained from a young age to become classical pianists. Despite never learning to sight-read sheet music proficiently, Eddie was skilled at learning music by ear, and he won several local piano recital contests. However, despite their initial training in classical music, the brothers…

Eddie Van Halen was a Dutch-born American guitarist and cofounder of the heavy metal band Van Halen, for which he served as the primary songwriter. He was known for his virtuosic electric guitar playing technique characterized by speed and the fusion of blues-based rock with classical music

Eddie Van Halen was a Dutch-born American guitarist and cofounder of the heavy metal band Van Halen, for which he served as the primary songwriter. He was known for his virtuosic electric guitar playing technique characterized by speed and the fusion of blues-based rock with classical music

Eddie Van Halen: Career and personal life: The couple had one child, Wolfgang, and divorced in 2007. In 2009 he married actress Janie Liszewski in a ceremony officiated by his brother, Alex, who is an ordained minister. In 2012 Roth rejoined the band to record its final studio album, A Different Kind of Truth, which also features…

Joachim Frank: …1980s, Frank and Dutch biophysicist Marin van Heel devised statistical methods to determine a particle’s three-dimensional structure from two-dimensional images. The image of a particle is represented as a vector. Similar vectors are assumed to be from particles with similar orientations, and the images of such similar particles are then…

Jan Baptista van Helmont was a Flemish physician, philosopher, mystic, and chemist who recognized the existence of discrete gases and identified carbon dioxide. Van Helmont was born into a wealthy family of the landed gentry. He studied at Leuven (Louvain), where he finished the course in

Jimmy Van Heusen was a U.S. songwriter who composed for films, stage musicals, and recordings that most often featured singers Bing Crosby and Frank Sinatra. Van Heusen worked as a staff pianist at music publishing companies in New York City before collaborating with lyricist Eddie de Lange to

Jimmy Van Heusen was a U.S. songwriter who composed for films, stage musicals, and recordings that most often featured singers Bing Crosby and Frank Sinatra. Van Heusen worked as a staff pianist at music publishing companies in New York City before collaborating with lyricist Eddie de Lange to

Chris Van Hollen is an American politician who was elected to the U.S. Senate as a Democrat in 2016 and began representing Maryland the following year. He previously was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives (2003–17). Van Hollen was born in Karachi, Pakistan, where his father, a career

Chris Van Hollen is an American politician who was elected to the U.S. Senate as a Democrat in 2016 and began representing Maryland the following year. He previously was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives (2003–17). Van Hollen was born in Karachi, Pakistan, where his father, a career

Sir William Cornelius Van Horne was an American-born Canadian railway official who directed the construction of Canada’s first transcontinental railroad. Van Horne worked as a telegraph operator on the Illinois Central Railroad. By 1880 he was general superintendent of the Chicago, Milwaukee and

PJ Harvey: Belgian theatre director Ivo van Hove later chose Harvey to create the music for his 2019 London stage adaptation of the classic film All About Eve, and the largely instrumental soundtrack album also appeared that year. In 2013 Harvey was named a Member of the Order of the…

blackjack, gambling card game popular in casinos throughout the world. Its origin is disputed, but it is certainly related to several French and Italian gambling games. In Britain since World War I, the informal game has been called pontoon. Players hope to get a total card value of 21 or to come

Cornelius Johnson was a Baroque painter, considered the most important native English portraitist of the early 17th century. Johnson was the son of Dutch parents living in London. He was patronized by James I and Charles I but seems to have lost his popularity with the court when Van Dyck went to

Mary Abby Van Kleeck was an American social researcher and reformer, a dynamic and influential figure in the investigation and improvement of labour conditions in the first half of the 20th century. Van Kleeck, the daughter of a minister, received her bachelor’s degree from Smith College in 1904

Hung Vuong: …of the first Vietnamese state—Van Lang (the Land of the Tattooed Men)—probably located north of what is now Hanoi.

Loretta Lynn: …Stripes to produce the album Van Lear Rose, which garnered two Grammy Awards and a new audience for Lynn. She later recorded Full Circle (2016), an overview of her career that included new songs and remakes of some of her standards. After battling several health issues, including a stroke in…

Charles Van Lerberghe was a Belgian poet, short-story writer, and playwright whose reputation rests largely on two collections of poems—Entrevisions (1898; “Glimpses”) and La Chanson d’Ève (1904; “The Song of Eve”)—that exemplify his lyrical talent and idealistic outlook. A fellow student of

Elizabeth L. Van Lew was an American Civil War agent who, through clever planning and by feigning mental affliction, managed to gather important intelligence for the Union. Van Lew was the daughter of a prosperous family of Northern antecedents. She was educated in Philadelphia and grew up to hold

Chicago Bulls: Walker, Jerry Sloan, and Norm Van Lier, the Bulls qualified for the play-offs every year between the 1969–70 and 1974–75 seasons, but they advanced past the first round only twice. After the talented foursome left the team, the Bulls slid into mediocrity and posted losing seasons through most of…

Charles-André Van Loo was a Rococo painter especially known for his elegant portraits of European royalty and fashionable society in the mid-18th century. He belonged to a noted family of artists of Flemish origin. His elder brother, Jean-Baptiste Van Loo, brought him up and taught him his

Ilse Bing: In 1931 Bing met Hendrik Willem van Loon, a Dutch American writer based in New York who became her patron and her entrée into the American art world. He introduced her work to art dealer Julien Levy, who exhibited her photographs at his gallery in the exhibit “Modern European…

galaxy: The scale of the Milky Way Galaxy: …colleagues at Mount Wilson Observatory, Adrian van Maanen.

India: The Dutch: Jacob van Neck’s voyage to the East Indies (Indonesia) in 1598–1600 was so profitable (400 percent for all of his ships) that the die was cast for a great Eastern adventure. The Dutch objective was neither religion nor empire but trade, and the trade in…

Johannes Andreas Brinkman: …in the design of the van Nelle tobacco factory, Rotterdam, one of the most architecturally important industrial buildings of the 1920s and one of the finest examples of modern architecture in the Netherlands.

African literature: Afrikaans: Marlene van Niekerk wrote Triomf (1994; “Triumph”; Eng. trans. Triomf), a novel based on Sophiatown, a black settlement near Johannesburg that was replaced by the South African government in the 1950s and ’60s by a white working-class suburb dubbed Triomf. In Lettie Viljoen’s Klaaglied vir…

Cyriel Buysse: …1893 he cofounded and coedited Van Nu en Straks (1893–1901; “Of Now and Later”), an innovative and influential literary magazine. He resigned as an editor a year later. During this time he began to communicate with several Dutch writers, Louis Couperus among them, and as a result of that connection…

Van Nu en Straks circle, group of writers associated with an influential Flemish review, Van Nu en Straks (“Today and Tomorrow”; 1893–94 and 1896–1901). Though holding a variety of opinions, they strove for an art that should comprehend all human activity and give universal significance to

Menno ter Braak: …Without a Party”) and in Van oude en nieuwe Christenen (1937; “Concerning Old and New Christians”), which propounds the theory that all mass movements are basically inspired by resentment.

Louis Marie Anne Couperus: …de dingen, die voorbijgaan (1906; Old People and the Things That Pass). Couperus made use of new word-formations in evoking atmosphere and displayed a gently ironic humour and an extraordinary narrative skill.

Belgian literature: Prose: …Verpale, Eric de Kuyper, and Monika van Paemel either made their debuts or reached a wider audience, mostly with autobiographically inspired work. Van Paemel went on to write a masterpiece, the fast-paced epic De vermaledijde vaders (1985; “The Accursed Fathers”), a complex novel as much about the workings of memory…

Mario Van Peebles is an American actor and filmmaker of wide-ranging talent, as can be seen both in the comedies he has acted in as well as in the serious motion pictures he has directed. Van Peebles is the eldest of three children of Melvin Van Peebles, a filmmaker, and Maria Marx, a photographer

Melvin Van Peebles was an American filmmaker who wrote, directed, and starred in Sweet Sweetback’s Baadasssss Song (1971), a groundbreaking film that spearheaded the rush of African American action films known as "blaxploitation" in the 1970s. He also served as the film’s composer and editor. After

The Diary of a Young Girl: Background: …four other Jews—Hermann and Auguste van Pels and their son, Peter, and Fritz Pfeffer—and were aided by several friends, including Miep Gies, who brought food and other supplies.

mass transit: Alternative service concepts: …agencies and employers have subsidized vanpooling, ride sharing in 8- to 15-passenger vans provided by the sponsor. One worker is recruited to drive the van to and from work in return for free transportation and limited personal use of the van. Passengers pay a monthly fee to the sponsor. Van…

Dame Peggy van Praagh was a British-born ballet dancer and director, and founder and tireless artistic director (1963–74) of the Australian Ballet. Throughout the 1930s van Praagh worked as a dancer and teacher. She joined Ballet Rambert in London in 1933 and maintained a long, fruitful association

Dame Peggy van Praagh was a British-born ballet dancer and director, and founder and tireless artistic director (1963–74) of the Australian Ballet. Throughout the 1930s van Praagh worked as a dancer and teacher. She joined Ballet Rambert in London in 1933 and maintained a long, fruitful association

Godard van Reede, 1st earl of Athlone was a Dutch soldier in English service who completed the conquest of Ireland for King William III of England (William of Orange, stadtholder of the United Provinces) against the forces of the deposed king James II after the Glorious Revolution (1688–89). Van

Jacobus Revius was a Dutch Calvinist poet long esteemed only as a theologian but later acknowledged as the greatest Christian lyricist of his period. Revius was a Dutch Reformed church minister who was a vigorous supporter of Protestantism, and his poetry is invariably scriptural or moralistic. His

Mariana Alley Griswold Van Rensselaer was an American writer and critic who is perhaps best remembered for her insightful works on architecture and landscaping. Mariana Griswold, the daughter of a prosperous mercantile family, was educated privately at home and in Europe. She married Schuyler Van

Milky Way Galaxy: The stellar luminosity function: …it is usually called the van Rhijn function, named after the Dutch astronomer Pieter J. van Rhijn. The van Rhijn function is a basic datum for the local portion of the Galaxy, but it is not necessarily representative for an area larger than the immediate solar neighbourhood. Investigators have found…

Rembrandt was a Dutch Baroque painter and printmaker, one of the greatest storytellers in the history of art, possessing an exceptional ability to render people in their various moods and dramatic guises. Rembrandt is also known as a painter of light and shade and as an artist who favoured an

Rembrandt: The myth of Rembrandt’s fall: The death of Rembrandt’s wife, Saskia, and the presumed rejection of the Night Watch by those who commissioned it were long supposed to be the most important events leading to the presumed change in Rembrandt’s life after 1642. But modern art-historical research has questioned the myth of a crisis in…

Bernard van Risenburgh II was a furniture maker of the Louis XV period and a member of a family of Dutch origin that included three generations of Parisian furniture makers. Bernard II served his apprenticeship in the family workshop, setting up his own establishment in 1730 after becoming a master

Herman Van Rompuy is a Belgian politician who served as prime minister of Belgium (2008–09). He later was the first permanent president of the European Council (2010–14), the chief decision-making body of the European Union (EU). Van Rompuy earned a bachelor’s degree in philosophy (1968) and a

Harry Smith: Anthology of American Folk Music: …by influential artists such as Dave Van Ronk and the New Lost City Ramblers, and they followed their lead. Dylan recorded several Anthology tracks on his eponymous debut album. Moreover, some of the musicians who appeared on the Anthology were not only still living but still able to perform, and…

Gus Van Sant is an American film director and writer known for focusing on marginalized and isolated characters. The son of a traveling businessman and a housewife, Van Sant lived an itinerant childhood. He began making amateur films in high school, and he later studied film at the Rhode Island