Freeriding
- Key People:
- Chloe Kim
- Shaun White
- Lindsey Jacobellis
Freeriding is defined by the use of natural terrain, and it tackles nature and natural challenges head-on. It eschews artificial obstacles such as rails and halfpipes that freestylers rely on, and it does not require remote regions associated with backcountry riding. It can take place almost anywhere, from tree-lined glades on the side of ski trails to wide-open faces. While a good deal of freeriding takes place outside of judged events, there is a Freeride World Tour series of events.
Because the goal is to be able to handle all terrain and snow types, freeride boards tend to be longer and stiffer and are matched with stiffer boots in order to give riders more float over deep and varied conditions. The boards are generally directional in style (with a distinct nose and tail, differentiating them from twin-tipped boards that can be ridden either way).
Backcountry and big mountain
Focused entirely on riding outside a resort’s boundaries, backcountry and big mountain snowboarding takes the fluid flow of freeriding to more remote wilderness locations. While riders often use resorts to access out-of-bounds terrain, there are no artificial features or elements in backcountry snowboarding. Riders access wilderness terrains in various ways, from hiking, snowshoeing, and splitboarding (in which a snowboard can be converted to alpine skis) to the use of snowmobiles and even helicopters.
The goal is to ride untouched lines, and the backcountry journey often leads riders to peaks and locations deep in the wilderness. Riding in these situations demands high attention to mountain safety and usually a slower, more strategic approach to descending a mountain. Competitive backcountry riding is virtually nonexistent.
Because of the deeper snow and rugged conditions, backcountry riders use some of the longest and stiffest snowboards available, with stiff boots and bindings to match. Increasingly popular are splitboards, traditional snowboard decks that have been cut in half in order to double as Alpine-approach skis for accessing the backcountry. Snowboarders can now climb a slope like an Alpine skier, which involves transporting a snowboard on one’s back and then descending as a snowboarder.
Backcountry freeride competitions
There is limited formal competition for this style of snowboarding, which spectators mostly encounter via films and video documentaries.
These backcountry freeriders might snowboard down a pitch that has never before been negotiated or jump off a cliff that has never before been attempted. They may snowboard on mountains that have already been ridden but do so with a level of technical difficulty or style that establishes a new benchmark for the sport and that venue.
Some backcountry and freeride competitions have found some measure of success, most notably the annual “King of the Hill” competition that was held in the Chugach Mountains of Alaska in the 1980s and ’90s. Riders descended ridiculously steep faces while a panel of judges watched and awarded scores based on the riders’ command of the terrain. Though this competition no longer exists, the newer Freeride World Tour draws an international class of riders who take turns descending a predetermined section of a mountain while judges rank them on line choice, degree of difficulty, style, and control.
Alpine snowboarding
Alpine snowboarding, often called freecarving, was the most popular style of snowboarding in the mid-1980s during the infancy of the sport, when snowboarders used the existing infrastructure of ski resorts and the venues of ski racing. By the end of the 1990s, however, most die-hard snowboarders had rejected alpine snowboarding as little more than skiing on boards. It continues to share many characteristics with skiing, especially in its slalom varieties, where the emphasis is not on jumps and tricks but expert carving, often at great speeds.
Slalom racing
In common with ski racing, snowboard slalom races involve weaving down courses made up of offset poles, or “gates,” protruding from the snow, which the athletes must navigate around as fast as they can. These are considered technical contests because of the required tightness of the turns.
Each athlete’s run through the course is timed, and the rider with the fastest time wins. The spacing of the gates in a slalom race is relatively close together (25 to 50 feet [8 to 15 metres] apart), forcing snowboarders to make dramatically quick tight turns. As the name implies, the giant slalom is the same type of race but with the space between the gates roughly doubled (80 to 105 feet [24 to 32 metres] apart), compelling riders to execute longer and less-frequent turns but at faster speeds. The gates are still farther apart in the Super-G (100 to 130 feet [30 to 40 metres] apart), with riders often reaching speeds of 60 miles (97 km) per hour. The parallel versions of these races (the “parallel slalom” and “parallel giant slalom”) pit riders in head-to-head competition on side-by-side tracks.
Snowboard cross (boardercross)
Snowboard cross (originally and still frequently called boardercross) is an event where multiple riders (four in Olympic competition) race simultaneously down the same inclined course with banked turns, jumps, berms, drops, and other artificial features that test the competitors’ balance and control at maximum speeds. Collisions among the competitors are not uncommon. The first rider to the end of the course is the winner in snowboarding’s version of motocross racing.
Typically a field of 40 to 60 competitors will each take one timed run down the course alone to establish a seeding order and to allow competitive brackets to be created. Once these brackets are established, racers will go head-to-head, with the top three in each heat advancing to the next bracket. In this way, the field is narrowed to a final group of racers. In the final heat, the first rider to cross the finish line is the winner of the competition.
Torah Bright