Lazare Carnot summary

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Lazare Carnot, (born May 13, 1753, Nolay, Burgundy, France—died Aug. 2, 1823, Magdeburg, Prussian Saxony), French statesman and administrator in successive governments of the French Revolution. He entered the army as an engineer (1773) and was elected to the Legislative Assembly in 1791. As a leading member of the Committee of Public Safety and the Directory, he helped mobilize the Revolutionary armed forces and matériel, and he was lauded as the “Organizer of Victory.” During the Coup of 18 Fructidor he fled France to escape arrest. He returned after Napoleon rose to power and served him in various offices, including minister of the interior during the Hundred Days.

Sadi Carnot Summary

Sadi Carnot was a French scientist who described the Carnot cycle, relating to the theory of heat engines. Carnot was the eldest son of the French Revolutionary figure Lazare Carnot and was named for a medieval Persian poet and philosopher, Saʿdī of Shīrāz. His early years were a period of unrest,

army Summary

Army, a large organized armed force trained for war, especially on land. The term may be applied to a large unit organized for independent action, or it may be applied to a nation’s or ruler’s complete military organization for land warfare. Throughout history, the character and organization of

government Summary

Government, the political system by which a country or community is administered and regulated. Most of the key words commonly used to describe governments—words such as monarchy, oligarchy, and democracy—are of Greek or Roman origin. They have been current for more than 2,000 years and have not

France Summary

France, country of northwestern Europe. Historically and culturally among the most important nations in the Western world, France has also played a highly significant role in international affairs, with former colonies in every corner of the globe. Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean and the