69-inch Model 1842, the U.S. military introduced the large-scale assembly of weapons from uniform, interchangeable parts. By the mid-1850s arms makers around the world were beginning to copy this “American System” of manufacture, which contributed to the creation of the modern military small arm—especially after the…
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gun, weapon consisting essentially of a metal tube from which a missile or projectile is shot by the force of exploding gunpowder or some other propellant. In military science, the term is often limited to cannon larger than a howitzer or mortar, although these latter two types, like all tube-fired artillery pieces, also fall within the general definition of a gun.
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Guns also include such military small arms as the musket, rifle, machine gun, and pistol, as well as such nonmilitary sport firearms as the shotgun. Bazookas and other rocket launchers, which launch self-propelled projectiles, are not guns, though they perform many of the same functions. (See also military technology.)
