Billy Budd, British adventure film, released in 1962, that was an adaptation of a play based on Herman Melville’s unfinished novel Billy Budd, Foretopman.

Billy Budd (played by Terence Stamp) is a young seaman impressed into service on the HMS Avenger of the British navy in 1797 during the war between England and France. The captain of the Avenger, Edwin Fairfax Vere (Peter Ustinov), relies on his cruel and sadistic master-at-arms, John Claggart (Robert Ryan). Budd is a naive, harmless soul whose eternal optimism remains steadfast in the face of the hardened, cynical crew. His happy-go-lucky demeanor endears him to his shipmates and officers alike—everyone except Claggart, who despises Budd’s humility and innate goodness. When Claggart learns of a conspiracy by the crew to kill him, he implicates Budd as the leader of the mutiny. Budd is confronted with the charges and, shocked, finds himself unable to speak in his own defense. He strikes Claggart instead, killing him. The punishment for attacking an officer is death, and though the other officers vote to acquit Budd, Vere pushes for the punishment to be upheld out of obligation to navy law. Budd is sentence to be hanged. At the hanging Budd publicly forgives the captain, shouting as his final words, “God bless Captain Vere!” The crew is moved to the verge of mutiny when a French ship attacks the Avenger. The crew man their stations, and, during the battle that ensues, part of the ship’s rigging falls and kills Captain Vere.

Ustinov directed, produced, and starred in the film and also cowrote the gripping screenplay. Stamp, a big-screen newcomer in 1962, garnered an Academy Award nomination (for best supporting actor) for his role as Budd. Fine performances were also rendered by Melvyn Douglas, as an old salt who befriends Budd, and by David McCallum, as an officer racked by conscience versus duty.

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Production notes and credits

  • Studio: Allied Artists Pictures
  • Director and producer: Peter Ustinov
  • Writers: Peter Ustinov, DeWitt Bodeen, and Robert Rossen (uncredited)
  • Music: Anthony Hopkins
  • Running time: 123 minutes

Cast

  • Terence Stamp (Billy Budd)
  • Robert Ryan (Master-at-Arms John Claggart)
  • Peter Ustinov (Capt. Edwin Fairfax Vere)
  • Melvyn Douglas (The Dansker)

Academy Award nomination

  • Supporting actor (Terence Stamp)
Lee Pfeiffer
Also called:
Billy Budd, Sailor

Billy Budd, Foretopman, novel by Herman Melville, written in 1891 and left unfinished at his death. It was first published in 1924, and the definitive edition was issued in 1962.

Provoked by a false charge, the sailor Billy Budd accidentally kills John Claggart, the satanic master-at-arms. In a time of threatened mutiny, he is hanged, and he goes willingly to his fate.

Melville’s story is particularly noted for its powerful symbolic characterizations—with, for example, Billy Budd as both innocent (Adam) and Christ figure—and for its sympathetic treatment of the ambivalence of Captain Vere toward Billy’s death.

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This article was most recently revised and updated by Alison Eldridge.