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San Miniato al Monte
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nave of San Miniato al Monte The tomb of the cardinal of Portugal, marble sculptural complex by Antonio Rossellino, 1461–66; in the church of S. Miniato al Monte, Florence.
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nave of San Miniato al Monte
nave of San Miniato al Monte Nave of San Miniato al Monte (1062) showing roof trusses, Florence.

San Miniato al Monte

church, Florence, Italy
Also known as: San Miniato
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San Miniato al Monte, three-aisled basilican church in Florence completed in 1062. It is considered one of the finest examples of the Tuscan Romanesque style of architecture. The black and white marble panels used to ornament both the interior and the exterior, as well as the painted timber truss roof, are notable decorative features. The church was begun after 1018 by Bishop Hildebrand, and the facade was finished in the 12th century.

This article was most recently revised and updated by Chelsey Parrott-Sheffer.
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Renaissance architecture
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Ospedale degli Innocenti Arcade, Ospedale degli Innocenti, Florence, designed by Filippo Brunelleschi, 1419–26.

Renaissance architecture

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Who shaped Renaissance architecture?
Who shaped Renaissance architecture?An overview of Renaissance architecture.
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Renaissance architecture, style of architecture, reflecting the rebirth of Classical culture, that originated in Florence in the early 15th century and spread throughout Europe, replacing the medieval Gothic style. There was a revival of ancient Roman forms, including the column and round arch, the tunnel vault, and the dome. The basic design element was the order. Knowledge of Classical architecture came from the ruins of ancient buildings and the writings of Vitruvius. As in the Classical period, proportion was the most important factor of beauty; Renaissance architects found a harmony between human proportions and buildings. This concern for proportion resulted in clear, easily comprehended space and mass, which distinguishes the Renaissance style from the more complex Gothic. Filippo Brunelleschi is considered the first Renaissance architect. Leon Battista Alberti’s Ten Books on Architecture, inspired by Vitruvius, became a bible of Renaissance architecture. From Florence the early Renaissance style spread through Italy. Donato Bramante’s move to Rome ushered in the High Renaissance (c. 1500–20). Mannerism, the style of the Late Renaissance (1520–1600), was characterized by sophistication, complexity, and novelty rather than the harmony, clarity, and repose of the High Renaissance. The Late Renaissance also saw much architectural theorizing, with Sebastiano Serlio (1475–1554), Giacomo da Vignola (1507–73), and Andrea Palladio publishing influential books.

This article was most recently revised and updated by J.E. Luebering.
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