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leadership of Kaunda
- In Kenneth Kaunda: Struggle against colonial rule
  …was elected president of the United National Independence Party (UNIP), which had been formed in October 1959 by Mainza Chona, a militant nationalist who was disenchanted with the older ANC. The UNIP enjoyed spectacular growth, claiming 300,000 members by June 1960. In December 1960 the British colonial authorities invited Kaunda…
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political life in Zambia
- In Zambia: Constitutional framework
  …“one-party participatory democracy,” with the United National Independence Party (UNIP) the only legal political party. In response to mounting pressures within the country, the constitution was changed in 1991 to allow the reintroduction of a multiparty system.
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In Southern Africa: Malawi and Zambia
…Hastings Kamuzu Banda and the United National Independence Party (UNIP) under Kenneth Kaunda won the first universal suffrage elections in Nyasaland and Northern Rhodesia, respectively, and led them into independence as Malawi and Zambia.
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In Zambia: Colonial rule
…Congress and its successor, the United National Independence Party (UNIP). Britain accepted that Africans would have to be given more power than the federal government was willing to concede. In 1962 UNIP organized a massive campaign of civil disobedience, but it agreed to take part in elections under a new…
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adapted flag design
- In flag of Zambia
  …under the leadership of the United National Independence Party (UNIP). The green field of its flag, symbolizing agriculture, bore the letter “U” for ubuntungwa (“freedom”) in red, a colour indicating readiness to shed blood for that goal. The yellow border referred to the copper industry on which economic development was…
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