flag of New Jersey

The state flag was adopted on March 26, 1896, and in 1938 a law clarified that the right to display the flag was not limited to the governor alone. It is the only flag of the 50 state flags to have a background of buff, although frequently this is incorrectly shown as yellow. The colour is based on the facings of uniforms worn by New Jersey regiments during the Revolutionary War (1775–83). Like the other original states, New Jersey had its colours assigned in a directive of October 2, 1779, by George Washington, then commander in chief of the Continental Army. The choice of buff for the facings of New Jersey and New York may have been meant to recall the former Dutch colony of New Netherlands, although this symbolic association is unproved. It is based on a presumption that the orange of the earliest Dutch flags was modified by Washington to buff as a more appropriate colour for use in uniforms.

The coat of arms appears in the centre of the New Jersey flag and is also found in the state seal. It may have been designed by Francis Hopkinson, who was a member of the Continental Congress, or by the artist Pierre Eugène du Simitière before being adopted by the state legislature on October 3, 1776. The three plows on the coat of arms stand for agriculture, which is also represented by the goddess Ceres (one of the supporters). The other supporter is Liberty. The horse’s head in the crest was shown on early New Jersey coins.