Amitabh Bachchan

Amitabh Bachchan (born October 11, 1942, Allahabad, India) is an Indian film actor, perhaps the most popular star in the history of Indian cinema. He is known primarily for his roles in action films, his baritone voice, and his charismatic screen presence. Nicknamed “Big B,” he is regarded as an iconic and inspirational figure in the Hindi film industry (also called Bollywood). Bachchan’s career is significant for its longevity (spanning over five decades), the variety of his performances, and his contributions to Indian popular culture.

Early life and career

Bachchan, the son of the renowned Hindi poet Harivansh Rai Bachchan, attended Sherwood College in Nainital and the University of Delhi. He worked as a business executive in Calcutta (Kolkata) and performed in theater before embarking on a film career. Bachchan made his big-screen debut in Saat Hindustani (1969; “Seven Indians”), and he received the first of his numerous Filmfare Awards for his performance in Anand (1971). The early years of his career were marked by the box-office failure of such films as Sanjog (1971; “Coincidence”), Bansi Birju (1972), and Ek Nazar (1972; “One Glance”). His work during this period of struggle included a supporting role in Reshma Aur Shera (1971), a guest appearance in Guddi (1971), and voice-over work in Bhuvan Shome (1969) and Bawarchi (1972; “Chef”).

Rise to stardom

Bachchan’s first major success came with Zanjeer (1973; “Chain”). A string of action films followed, including Deewar (1975; “Wall”), Sholay (1975; “Embers,” considered a landmark film in Indian cinema), and Don (1978). All of these films, and many others starring Bachchan, were scripted by Salim Khan–Javed Akhtar, a screenwriting duo whose contributions were vital to Bachchan’s rise, and who have earned their own status as Bollywood legends. Bachchan personified a new type of action star in Indian films—the “angry young man,” a brooding figure at odds with the world—that rocketed him to superstardom, somewhat eclipsing his work in films that cast him as a romantic hero. Often named Vijay (“victory”), iterations of Bachchan’s “angry young man” character range from a disaffected dock worker-turned-gangster in Deewaar to a cynical gun-for-hire confronting a rural dacoit (armed bandit, usually part of a group) in Sholay. He was often compared to Clint Eastwood, although Bachchan was renowned for his versatility, and many of his roles showcase his talents at singing, dancing, and comedy. He displayed his range in the comedic Chupke Chupke (1975; “Quietly”), the romance Kabhi Kabhie (1976; “Sometimes”), the crime caper Hera Pheri (1976; “Foul Play”), and the drama Trishul (1978; “Trident”). Amar Akbar Anthony (1977), another landmark film, presented Bachchan as a compelling combination of a romantic, comic, and action hero.

Britannica Quiz

Pop Culture Quiz

Bachchan is noted for his collaborative work with several of his contemporary male stars. He frequently appeared in films with:

• Vinod Khanna: Amar Akbar Anthony, Hera Pheri, Parvarish (1977; “Upbringing”), Muqaddar Ka Sikandar (1978; “Warrior of Fate”)
• Dharmendra: Sholay, Chupke Chupke, Ram Balram (1980)
• Shashi Kapoor: Deewaar, Trishul, Do Aur Do Paanch (1980; “Two Plus Two Equals Five”), Shaan (1980, “Glory”), Namak Halaal (1982; “Loyal”)
• Rishi Kapoor: Amar Akbar Anthony, Kabhi Kabhie, Naseeb (1981, “Destiny”), Coolie (1983), 102 Not Out (2018)

Hits, misses, and politics

By the end of the 1970s Bachchan had appeared in more than 35 films and was regarded as India’s top film star, balancing dramatic fare (Silsila [1981; “Dilemma”]) with action (Satte Pe Satta [1982; “Seven on Seven”]), and comedy (Namak Halaal). His popularity was such that he became something of a cultural phenomenon, drawing large crowds of screaming fans wherever he went. A near-fatal accident on the set of his film Coolie in 1982 touched off a national prayer vigil for his recovery. His subsequent films, however, did poorly at the box office, with a few exceptions such as Shahenshah (1988; “Emperor of Emperors”) and Hum (1991; “Us”). Bachchan entered politics at the encouragement of his friend, Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi. In 1984 he was elected to India’s parliament by an overwhelming majority, but he resigned his seat in 1989 after being implicated in the bribery scandal that toppled Gandhi’s government.

Financial difficulties

Bachchan returned to acting and won a National Film Award for his portrayal of a mafia don in Agneepath (1990; “Path of Fire”), a middle-aged version of the “angry young man” roles that had elevated him to stardom. He later headed Amitabh Bachchan Corporation Ltd. (ABCL), an entertainment venture that specialized in film production, distribution, and event management. ABCL organized the Miss World beauty pageant in 1996 in Bengaluru and produced a successful sitcom called Dekh Bhai Dekh (1993–94; “Look, Brother, Look”). The business was plagued by financial difficulties, however, and went bankrupt in 1999. Bachchan eventually returned to performing with mixed results. Mrityudaata (1997; “God of Death”), billed as his “comeback” film, was a box-office failure; Bade Miyan Chote Miyan (1998; “Older Master, Younger Master”) was a hit; Sooryavansham (1999; “Dynasty of the Sun”) was unsuccessful on release but later gained cult status.

Return to stardom

Bachchan’s fortunes were restored by Mohabbatein (2000; “Love Stories”) and Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham… (2001; “Sometimes Happiness, Sometimes Sadness”)—both films, which were major box-office successes, featured superstar Shah Rukh Khan. Bachchan won two more National Film Awards for Black (2005), which was inspired by Helen Keller’s life story, and the drama Paa (2009), in which he played a boy who suffers from an aging disease similar to progeria. He is the only Indian star to have won the National Film Award for best actor four times.

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By the early 21st century Bachchan had appeared in more than 175 Bollywood films, and, at age 70, he made his Hollywood debut as a minor character in Baz Luhrmann’s The Great Gatsby (2013). His later notable films include the comedy Piku (2015), for which he won his fourth National Film Award, and Pink (2016), a courtroom drama in which he was cast as a lawyer. In 102 Not Out, he played a man trying to break the record for the oldest man alive.

Bachchan’s work in recent years is a mosaic of lead (Jhund [2022; “Crowd”], Uunchai [2022; “Altitude”]) and supporting roles; the latter include fantasy films Brahmastra Part One: Shiva (2022) and Kalki 2898 AD (2024), both among the biggest hits of his career.

TV career

From 2000 to 2006 Bachchan hosted the television game show Kaun Banega Crorepati (KBC), the Indian version of the American and British hit Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? His easygoing nature and charisma helped make the show one of India’s top television programs. The KBC years were a major factor in the revival of Bachchan’s career and stardom after ABCL’s financial crisis. He returned as host of KBC in 2010; he also hosted a season (2009) of the reality show Bigg Boss (the Indian version of the Dutch and American shows Big Brother), and played the lead in the miniseries Yudh (2014; “War”).

Legacy

Bachchan is famed for the intensity of his screen presence, his rich baritone voice, and his powerful delivery; lines from some of his films have become a huge part of the lexicon of Indian popular culture. He has been awarded three of the government of India’s highest civilian honors: the Padma Shri in 1984, the Padma Bhushan in 2001, and the Padma Vibhushan in 2015. In 2019 he received the coveted Dadasaheb Phalke Award, India’s highest recognition for achievement in cinema. Bachchan is married to actress Jaya Bachchan (née Bhaduri), with whom he starred in films such as Abhimaan (1973; “Pride”) and Mili (1975). Their son Abhishek, daughter-in-law Aishwarya Rai Bachchan, and grandson Agastya Nanda (son of Bachchan’s daughter Shweta Bachchan Nanda) are actors as well.