Orlando shooting of 2016

Orlando shooting of 2016, mass shooting that took place at the Pulse nightclub in Orlando, Florida, in the early morning hours of June 12, 2016, and left 49 people dead and more than 50 wounded. It was the deadliest mass shooting in U.S. history up to that time.

The shooter

The gunman, 29-year-old Omar Mateen, was a U.S. citizen born in Queens, New York, to Afghan parents. In May 2013 the Federal Bureau of Investigation declared Mateen to be “a person of interest” and launched a preliminary investigation of him after he told coworkers at a security firm that he had ties to al-Qaeda and Hezbollah. The 10-month investigation ended with no charges being filed against Mateen, but the FBI questioned him in 2014 after an associate of his became a suicide bomber for the Nusrah Front, a terrorist organization in Syria. Mateen later told a friend that he had been watching jihadist videos recorded by al-Qaeda propagandist Anwar al-Awlaki, and that friend notified the authorities. Like the first investigation, the second yielded no actionable evidence, and it was closed.

Mateen had held a Florida firearms license since 2007, when he began working as a security guard. Although his name had appeared in the FBI’s Terrorist Screening Database (the so-called “terrorist watch list”) while he was the subject of active investigations, it was removed once they were closed. In any event, his presence on that list would not have precluded him from legally purchasing firearms, and on June 4, 2016, Mateen bought a Sig Sauer MCX semiautomatic assault rifle. The following day he purchased a Glock 17 9mm semiautomatic pistol. Both weapons were used in the attack.

The shooting

Since its opening in 2004, Orlando’s Pulse dance club had established itself as one of central Florida’s most vibrant centres for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) social life. On the night of the attack, the club was hosting its popular Latin Night, an event that drew from a broad cross section of the community. Just after 2:00 am on June 12, 2016, more than 300 people were inside the club when Mateen opened fire near the entrance. Almost immediately, Adam Gruler, an off-duty Orlando police officer who had been working as a security guard at Pulse, engaged in a gun battle with Mateen before withdrawing in the face of superior firepower. Gruler requested assistance, and, within minutes, additional police and emergency personnel arrived on the scene and began carrying victims to a hastily erected triage centre across the street. A group of police officers, several of whom had Special Weapons and Tactics (SWAT) training, entered the club through a broken window and exchanged fire with Mateen. At this point, roughly 10 minutes had passed since the beginning of the shooting rampage, and while many patrons had been able to escape, dozens were either dead, wounded, or trapped inside the club.

Over the next 20 minutes, a harrowing portrait of the events inside Pulse was relayed to emergency services operators, police dispatchers, and social media outlets. Callers reported hearing additional gunshots as Mateen moved through the club, and survivors took to Twitter and Facebook to recount their experiences. At 2:35 am Mateen placed a call to 911, at which point he professed his “allegiance to Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi of the Islamic State.” Police reported that they had hemmed in Mateen in the bathroom area, and the posture of the law-enforcement response shifted from an active shooter engagement to a hostage situation. Over the next hour, Mateen spoke with negotiators three times, staying on the phone for a total of 28 minutes, while many gravely wounded victims remained inaccessible to rescue personnel. During these calls, Mateen claimed that he had placed a bomb in one of the cars parked outside and stated that he was wearing an explosive vest similar to those used by the November 2015 Paris attackers. Mateen also searched the Internet for news coverage of the attack from his phone and exchanged text messages with his wife.

At 4:21 am police officers and trapped patrons succeeded in removing an air-conditioning unit from the exterior wall of one of the club’s dressing rooms, enabling a handful of survivors to flee to safety. Those who escaped told police that Mateen was planning to place bomb vests on four hostages within the next 15 minutes, and SWAT and hazardous device teams prepared to breach the wall of the building with explosives. At 5:02 am the Orlando police triggered the first of several controlled detonations before smashing through the wall of the club with an armoured vehicle. Hostages poured out of the building, and Mateen was killed after engaging almost a dozen police officers in a gun battle. After the standoff had concluded, investigators learned that Mateen’s claim about bomb vests was a bluff, as no explosive devices were found inside the club.