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People wearing surgical masks (also called face mask or medical masks or safety masks) walk through the city center of Milan, Italy on Feb. 23, 2020. Coronavirus disease COVID-19 pandemic

How Do Face Masks Control the Spread of Disease?

Scanning electron micrograph showing the spiral-shaped bacteria of the genus Leptospira. These organisms cause leptospirosis.

8 Zoonotic Diseases

Scan of human brain

What Are the Symptoms of a Stroke?

close up of 3d microscopic blue bacteria

What Was Life Like Before We Knew About Germs?

H1N1 influenza virus particles. Colorized transmission electron micrograph. Surface proteins on surface of the virus particles shown in black. Influenza flu

10 Ways of Looking at Cells

Discover

Black widow spider

9 of the World’s Deadliest Spiders

Alexandria, Egypt - September 12, 2014 - Wedding Bridesmaids Competition, reward for Best Bridesmaids for participation in competitions. Prize for victory

Who Votes for the Academy Awards?

Calendar showing the month of February

Why Are There Only 28 Days in February?

Hindu Holi Festival celebrations with colored water, powder and colorful flower petals thrown over celebrants at a Hindu temple in Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India on March 24, 2021.

Holi: Festival of Colors

Chinese Opium den, 19th Century

Timeline of the First Opium War

Remarkable new details of Pluto's largest moon Charon are revealed in this image from New Horizons' Long Range Reconnaissance Imager (LORRI), taken late on July 13, 2015 from a distance of 289,000 miles

Why Is Pluto No Longer a Planet?

Taj Mahal, India

23 Must-See Buildings for Your First Trip to India

mosaic: Related Content

Written and fact-checked by The Information Architects of Encyclopaedia Britannica

Topics

wildfire plant disease curly top psorosis wilt rot Dutch elm disease rice bacterial blight late blight fire blight rust Panama disease

Key People

Dmitry Ivanovsky

Russian microbiologist