social Darwinism

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Herbert Spencer

William Graham Sumner

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Charles Darwin, carbon print photograph by Julia Margaret Cameron, 1868.

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Mona Lisa, oil on wood panel by Leonardo da Vinci, c. 1503-06; in the Louvre, Paris, France. 77 x 53 cm.

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African Americans demonstrating for voting rights in front of the White House as police and others watch, March 12, 1965. One sign reads, "We demand the right to vote everywhere." Voting Rights Act, civil rights.

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Close up of praying mantis walking on stone ground against a blurred background in Japan

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Russian grand duchess Anastasia; undated photograph. (Anastasiya Nikolayevna, Tsar Nicholas II)

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Photos

Herbert Spencer

William Graham Sumner

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Topics

social evolution sociology social change structural functionalism intersectionality structuration theory law of three stages media dependency theory natural selection modernization criminology social movement economic sociology

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philosophy of biology: Related fields

Key People

Herbert Spencer

Herbert Spencer

British philosopher

Thorstein Veblen

American economist and sociologist